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## Verse 642-643
**Verse 642**
In the realm of the *guna sthānas* (stages of spiritual progress), there are thirteen crore (130 million) human beings in the *desasanayata* (controlled) state, fifty-two crore (520 million) in the *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi* (controlled right faith) state, and twice as many in the *samyagmithyadṛṣṭi* (mixed right and wrong faith) state, which is one hundred and four crore (1040 million). The number of humans in the *asanayata samyagdṛṣṭi* (uncontrolled right faith) state is seven hundred crore (7000 million).
**Explanation:**
Generally speaking, the number of humans in each of the four *guna sthānas* (controlled right faith, mixed right and wrong faith, uncontrolled right faith, and controlled) is countable. The number of humans in the *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi* state is fifty-two crore (520 million). The number of humans in the *samyagmithyadṛṣṭi* state is twice the number of humans in the *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi* state, which is one hundred and four crore (1040 million). The number of humans in the *asanayata samyagdṛṣṭi* state is seven hundred crore (7000 million). The number of humans in the *sanayata* (controlled) and *asanayata* (uncontrolled) states is thirteen crore (130 million). As it is said:
> *Samyaktvamagamgaṇā* (696)
> Thirteen crore in the *desasanayata* state, fifty-two crore in the *sāsadan* state.
> Twice as many in the *samyagmithyadṛṣṭi* state, seven hundred crore in the *asanayata* state.
However, some *ācāryas* (teachers) say that the number of humans in the *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi* state is fifty crore (500 million) based on the following verse:
> Thirteen crore in the *desasanayata* state, fifty crore in the *sāsadan* state.
> Twice as many in the *samyagmithyadṛṣṭi* state, seven hundred crore in the *asanayata* state.
There are two opinions regarding the number of humans in the *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi* state: one is fifty-two crore (520 million) and the other is fifty crore (500 million). However, the opinion of fifty-two crore (520 million) is accepted as it is the traditional view of the *ācāryas*.
**Verse 643**
In the realm of *jīva* (living beings) and *ajīva* (non-living beings), there are two types of *karma* (action): *puṇya* (merit) and *pāpa* (demerit). *Puṇya* is the *dravya* (substance) of good qualities, and *pāpa* is the *dravya* of bad qualities.
**Explanation:**
Both *jīva* and *ajīva* have both *puṇya* and *pāpa* aspects. The discussion of *puṇya jīva* (meritorious living beings) and *pāpa jīva* (demeritorious living beings) has already been covered in verse 622. Here, the discussion is about *ajīva puṇya-pāpa* (non-living being merit and demerit), which refers to *puṇya dravyakarma* (meritorious substance action) and *pāpa dravyakarma* (demeritorious substance action). The names of the *puṇya* qualities are as follows:
* *Sātavedanīya* (capable of experiencing seven types of sensations)
* *Tiyancāyu* (life span of three *kalpas*)
* *Manuṣyāyu* (life span of a human)
* *Devāyu* (life span of a god)
* Three *āyu* (life spans)
* *Manuṣyadvika* (human state, human knowledge)
* *Devadvika* (god state, god knowledge)
* Five bodies
* Five senses
* *Samacaturasrasansthāna* (square-shaped body)
**Note:** The terms *guna sthānas*, *desasanayata*, *sāsadan samyagdṛṣṭi*, *samyagmithyadṛṣṭi*, *asanayata samyagdṛṣṭi*, *sanayata*, *asanayata*, *jīva*, *ajīva*, *karma*, *puṇya*, *pāpa*, *dravya*, *ācāryas*, *sātavedanīya*, *tiyancāyu*, *manuṣyāyu*, *devāyu*, *manuṣyadvika*, *devadvika*, *samacaturasrasansthāna* are all Jain terms.