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## Gatha 565-567
**Gatha 565-567**
The four qualities of form, taste, smell, and touch of the pudgala exist from the subtle atom to the great earth. Besides these, the various types of words, such as letters and non-letters, are also pudgala, i.e., they are synonymous with pudgala.
**[Pravachana Sara, Jneyatasyadhikār]**
- The inactive dharma dravya is a contributing cause in the movement of both the jiva and the pudgala, just as the path is a contributing cause for a traveler while walking. This is the benefit of the dharma dravya, i.e., being a contributing cause in the movement of jivas and pudgalas.
**Gatha 566**
**[Brihad Dravya Sangraha]**
"The inactive, formless, and unmotivated dharma dravya is a contributing cause in the movement of both the jiva and the pudgalas. Just as water is a contributing cause in the movement of fish, etc."
**Gatha 567**
**[Panchaastikaya, Uttaraardha 84]**
"Although dharma is indifferent towards the movement of jivas and pudgalas, it is a contributing cause for their movement."
**[Pravachana Sara, Gatha 41, Jeyatattvadhikār]**
"Being a cause (contributing cause) in the movement of jivas and pudgalas is a quality of the dharma dravya."
**Doubt:** Dharma dravya is said to be inactive, i.e., without action. What is meant by action here?
**Solution:** The acquisition of a dravya from one region to another due to internal and external causes is called action. Or, the change that is the cause of the acquisition of a different region is action. That which is devoid of such action is inactive.
**Doubt:** If dharma, etc., dravyas are inactive, then they are not produced. Therefore, the principle that all dravyas have three forms, production, etc., is contradicted.
**1. Brihad Dravya Sangraha, Gatha 14, Commentary.**
**2. "Although dharma is by nature indifferent towards the movement of jivas and pudgalas, it is a contributing cause for their movement." [Panchaastikaya, Gatha 84, Tatparyavritti].**
**3. "Dharma is the cause of movement." [Niyamasara, Gatha 30].**
**4. "The change that arises due to both internal and external causes is the cause of the acquisition of a different region, this is action." [S.Si. 5/7/5].**
**5. "The change that is the cause of the acquisition of a different region is action." [Panchaastikaya, Gatha 6, Samayavyakhya].**