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530/Go. Sa. Jivakanda
Gatha 865-466
13. Samyammarganaadhikara
The definition of samyama is: "Dharanaapalaka-rinaggraha-chaaga-jo samjamo bhavigo" ॥465॥
The meaning is: Preserving the scriptures, observing the samitis, subduing the kashayas, renouncing the three types of danda, and conquering the five senses - this is called samyama.
Visheshaartha: Samyama means self-restraint. Merely observing the vows (dravya-yama) without the corresponding conduct (bhava-charitra) cannot be called samyama, because the prefix 'sam' in the word 'samyama' negates that.
Shanka: Should all the samitis be included in yama, since without the samitis, samyama cannot be established?
Samadhaana: This doubt is not correct, because the prefix 'sam' in 'samyama' implies the inclusion of all the samitis.
Observing the five great vows of ahimsa, satya, asteya, brahmacharya and aparigraha, practicing the five samitis of irya-bhasha-eshana-adaana-nikshepana-utsarga, subduing the four kashaya of krodha, mana, maya and lobha, renouncing the three danda of mana, vachan and kaya, and conquering the five senses - this is called samyama.
Shanka: But we see many mithyadrashti (those with wrong belief) who appear to be samyata (restrained).
Samadhaana: No, because without samyagdarshana (right faith), the arising of samyama is not possible. The prefix 'sam' in 'samyama' indicates samyak (right) meaning. Therefore, those who are abstinent from both external and internal passions, and whose mind is free from the three delusions, are called samyata. One whose faith in the Apta (omniscient), Agama (scriptures) and the objects of knowledge is not established, and whose mind is engrossed in the three kinds of moha (delusion), cannot attain samyama.
The cause of the arising of samyama is: "Badarasanjalanadaye suhume udaye samkhaye ya mohassa. Samjamabhavo piyamaa hoditi jinehi rinnahi" ॥466॥