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## Knowledge Path / 446
**Verses 361-366**
Among them, the **Utpada-purva** (Production-prior) describes the production, consumption, and motion of the substances of Jiva, Kala, and Pudgala, through one crore (ten million) verses of two hundred **Prabhutas** (extensive treatises) on ten objects. [**Pragra** means the acceptance of knowledge as the primary object in the twelve **Angas** (canonical texts), and **Praani-purva** refers to the statement whose purpose is to explain the **Pragra**.] This **Purva** (prior) describes the **Agra** (magnitude) of the **Angas** (limbs) through ninety-nine lakh (nine hundred and ninety thousand) verses of two hundred and eighty **Prabhutas** on fourteen objects. The **Veerya-anupravaad-purva** (Vigor-explanation-prior) describes **Aatma-veerya** (self-vigor), **Para-veerya** (other-vigor), **Ubhaya-veerya** (both-vigor), **Kshetra-deerya** (field-vigor), **Bhaava-veerya** (emotion-vigor), and **Lap-veerya** (absorption-vigor) through seventy lakh (seven million) verses of one hundred and sixty **Prabhutas** on eight objects. The **Grasti-naasti-pravaad-purva** (Existence-non-existence-explanation-prior) describes the existence and non-existence of Jiva and all beings through sixty lakh (six million) verses of three hundred and sixty **Prabhutas** on eighteen objects. For example, Jiva is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **asti** (existent) in relation to its own substance, field, time, and nature. It is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **naasti** (non-existent) in relation to other substance, field, time, and nature. When it is simultaneously perceived through its own four substances and the four substances of others, without any order, it is **syad-vaktavya** (perhaps expressible). When it is perceived in order, first through its own substance and so on, and then through other substance and so on, it is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **asti** (existent) and **naasti** (non-existent). When it is perceived through **syad-asti** (perhaps existent) as the first principle and **syad-vaktavya** (perhaps expressible) as the third principle, it is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **asti** (existent) and **vaktavya** (expressible). When it is perceived through **syad-naasti** (perhaps non-existent) as the second principle and **syad-vaktavya** (perhaps expressible) as the third principle, it is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **naasti** (non-existent) and **vaktavya** (expressible). When it is perceived through **syad-asti** (perhaps existent) as the first principle, **syad-naasti** (perhaps non-existent) as the second principle, and **syad-vaktavya** (perhaps expressible) as the third principle, it is **kathinchit** (in some ways) **grasthi** (existent) and **naasti** (non-existent) and **pravaktavya** (expressible) Jiva. Similarly, one should explain the non-Jiva and so on.
The **Jnana-pravaad-purva** (Knowledge-explanation-prior) describes the five **Jnanas** (knowledge) and three **Prajnan** (wisdom) through one crore minus one (nine million nine hundred and ninety-nine thousand) verses of two hundred and forty **Prabhutas** on twelve objects. It also describes the **Jnana** (knowledge) and its nature, in relation to **dravya-athikanaya** (substance-based logic) and **paryaya-athikanaya** (category-based logic), as **anaadi-ananta** (beginningless and endless), **anaadi-santa** (beginningless and finite), **saadi-ananta** (beginningful and endless), and **saadi-santa** (beginningful and finite). The **Satya-pravaad-purva** (Truth-explanation-prior) describes **vachan-gupta** (speech-guarding), the causes of **vachan-samskaara** (speech-impressions), **vachan-prayoga** (speech-usage), twelve types of language, various types of speakers, various types of false speech, and ten types of true speech, through one crore and six verses of two hundred and forty **Prabhutas** on twelve objects. **Vachan-gupta** (speech-guarding) refers to not speaking falsely or to maintaining **vachan-samyama** (speech-restraint), which is silence. The eight causes of **vachan-samskaara** (speech-impressions) are the head, throat, heart, root of the tongue, teeth, nose, palate, and lips. The nature of **vachan-prayoga** (speech-usage) in the form of auspicious and inauspicious characteristics is simple. Language is of twelve types, based on the distinction between **abhyakhyana-vachan** (accusatory speech), **kalah-vachan** (quarrelsome speech), **paishunya-vachan** (backbiting speech), **avaddha-pralapa-vachan** (meaningless rambling speech), **rati-vachan** (speech that excites desire), **arati-vachan** (speech that repels desire), **upadhi-vachan** (speech that creates attachment), **nikruti-vachan** (speech that degrades), **prati-vachan** (counter-speech), **mosha-vachan** (speech that leads to delusion), **samyag-darshan-vachan** (speech that leads to right faith), and **mithya-darshan-vachan** (speech that leads to wrong faith). **Abhyakhyana-bhasha** (accusatory language) refers to speaking ill of someone, saying "This is the doer." **Kalh-vachan** (quarrelsome speech) refers to words that increase conflict. **Paishunya-vachan** (backbiting speech) refers to revealing faults behind someone's back. **Pralapa-vachan** (meaningless rambling speech) refers to words that are devoid of any connection to Dharma (righteousness), Artha (wealth), Kama (desire), and Moksha (liberation). **Rati-vachan** (speech that excites desire) refers to words that arouse passion in the senses, such as sound. **Arati-va