Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
The **Jivakanda** (Chapter on the Soul) of the **Gommatasara** (Essence of the Bull) text, in verses 356-360, classifies the characteristics, methods of attaining, and conduct of eleven types of **Shravakas** (lay followers): **Darshanik** (philosophical), **Atik** (excessive), **Samayiki** (practitioner of Samayika), **Proshadhopavasin** (one who observes partial fasts), **Sachittavirat** (one who has renounced mental attachments), **Ratribhuktivirat** (one who has renounced nighttime meals), **Brahmachari** (celibate), **Prarambhavist** (one who has renounced the beginning of worldly activities), **Parigrahavirat** (one who has renounced possessions), **Anumativirat** (one who has renounced permissions), and **Uddishtavirat** (one who has renounced intentions).
The **Antakrishang** (Chapter on the Final Liberation) describes, in twenty-two lakh twenty-eight thousand verses, the ten **Antakritakevalis** (those who have attained final liberation) in each **Tirthankara's** (liberated soul's) **Tirtha** (spiritual dispensation), who endured various severe **Upsargas** (obstacles) and attained **Pratiharayas** (miracles) before achieving **Nirvana** (liberation). The **Tattvarthabhashya** (Commentary on the Essence of Reality) also states, "Those who have ended the cycle of birth and death are **Antakritakevalis**." In the **Tirtha** of **Shree Vardhamana** (Mahavira), the ten **Antakritakevalis** were **Nami**, **Matanga**, **Somil**, **Ramputra**, **Sudarshan**, **Yamalik**, **Balik**, **Kishkibil**, **Palamb**, and **Ashtaputra**. Similarly, in the **Tirthas** of the twenty-two **Tirthankaras** starting with **Shree Rishabhdev**, ten other **Antakritakevalis** emerged, conquering countless severe **Upsargas** and attaining complete **Karma** (karmic actions) annihilation. This **Anga** (chapter) describes these ten **Antakritakevalis** in each **Tirtha**, hence it is called **Antakrishang**.
The **Anuttaroupapadakavashang** (Chapter on the Non-Returning Ones) describes, in one lakh three thousand verses, the ten **Anuttaroupapadakas** (those who will not return to the cycle of birth and death) in each **Tirtha**, who endured various severe **Upsargas** and attained **Pratiharayas** before entering the five **Anuttar Vimanas** (non-returning heavens). The **Tattvarthabhashya** also states, "Those whose purpose is to attain liberation are called **Upapadakas** (those who are born). **Vijay**, **Vaijayant**, **Jayant**, **Aparajit**, and **Sarvarth Siddhi** are the five **Anuttar Vimanas**. Those who are born in the **Anuttars** from **Upapad** birth are **Anuttaroupapadakas**. **Rishidas**, **Dhanya**, **Sunakshatra**, **Kartikeya**, **Pranand**, **Nandan**, **Shalibhadra**, **Abhay**, **Barisherag**, and **Chilatputra** were the ten **Anuttaroupapadakas** in the **Tirtha** of **Shree Vardhamana**. Similarly, in the **Tirthas** of the twenty-two **Tirthankaras** starting with **Shree Rishabhnath**, ten other **Anuttaroupapadakas** emerged, conquering countless severe **Upsargas** and attaining birth in the five **Anuttars** starting with **Vijay**. This **Anga** describes the ten **Anuttaroupapadakas** who are born in the **Anuttars**, hence it is called **Anuttaroupapadakavashang**.
The **Prashnavyakaran** (Chapter on Grammar of Questions) describes, in thirteen lakh sixteen thousand verses, the four **Kathas** (stories) of **Akshapanee** (accusatory), **Vikshepanee** (dismissive), **Sanvedanee** (sensory), and **Nivedanee** (informative) (as well as the methods of addressing questions related to wealth, gain and loss, life and death, victory and defeat, in the past, present, and future).
The **Akshapanee Katha** is the one that refutes various **Ekant Drishtis** (one-sided views) and other times, purifying them, and establishes the **Prarup** (form) of the six **Dravyas** (substances) and nine **Padarthas** (categories). The **Vikshepanee Katha** is the one that first points out the faults of the present time through the past time, then refutes various **Ekant Drishtis** of the past time, establishing the present time, and establishes the **Prarup** of the six **Dravyas** and nine **Padarthas**. The **Sanvedanee Katha** is the one that describes the fruits of **Punya** (merit).
**Question:** What are the fruits of **Punya**?
**Answer:**
1. **Ghaval** (Commentary on the **Tattvarthabhashya**), Vol. 1, p. 102; **Tattvarthabhashya**, Vol. 1, p. 201; **Jayadhaval** (Commentary on the **Tattvarthabhashya**), Vol. 1, p. 126-130.
2. **Shraval** (Commentary on the **Tattvarthabhashya**), Vol. 1, p. 102-173; **Ghaval**, Vol. 6, p. 201.
3. **Pavan** (Commentary on the **Tattvarthabhashya**), Vol. 1, p. 123-104; Vol. 6, p. 202; **Jayadhaval**, Vol. 1, p. 131.