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374/Go. Sa. Jyotirkanda
Gatha 266
Because it is produced, therefore, the substance is called trikala-varti in the Gatha. There are many types of substances, their qualities and their synonyms by which they are known, that is knowledge. There are two types of substances: jiva and ajeeva. Ajiva substance is of five types: pudgala, dharma-dravya, adharma-dravya, akash dravya, and kal dravya. Knowledge, darshan, sukha, and veerya, etc. are the qualities of jiva dravya. Sparsha, rasa, gandha, varna, etc. are the qualities of pudgala dravya. Samsari, mukt, or sthavar, etc. are the synonyms of jiva dravya. Mana and skandha, etc. are the synonyms of pudgala dravya.
That knowledge is of two types: direct and indirect. Direct - which is called akshya, which is dependent on the soul, that is the main direct knowledge. 'Akshya' means soul, from it 'para' (other) which is the knowledge obtained by the senses, that is indirect.
The knowledge which is infinite, pure, and has an eternal relationship with the universal consciousness, which is called akshya, which is dependent on the soul, which does not require the help of senses, light, etc., which is infinite because of its infinite power, such direct knowledge knows all the knowables, no knowable is outside that knowledge. Thus, five characteristics of direct knowledge have been given. That is, the characteristics of direct knowledge have been explained.
"Jan paravo vishnanam tan tu parokham ti bhanivamatthesu.
Javi kevalena ranavam hadi hi jivena panchavam." ||5|| - The knowledge which is related to the knowable object, which is due to the help of others, that knowledge is indirect, and the knowledge which knows only (without the help of senses, etc.) by the soul, that is direct knowledge.
Or, the detailed knowledge is called direct. The appearance which is free from the obstruction of other knowledge and which is special is called vaishdy. The knowledge which is not detailed is indirect.
The knowledge which is without help is called kevalgyan. Or, kevalgyan is without the need of any helper like senses, etc., besides the soul and the object, therefore, it is also called keval, that is, without help. "The destruction of karma, etc., the senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, hearing, and mind, and the help of light, etc., without the need of kevalgyan knows the knowables, therefore, it is without help, but it depends on the knowables because kevalgyan is the proof of knowables (Pravachansar Gatha 23) and without knowables, knowledge cannot be produced. Therefore, it depends on the help of the object (knowables).
1. "Prakshyamatmanam pratyashrit pratyakshamiti mukhya pratyaksha." [Pramayaratnamala p. 43] 2. "Akshya pratma tasmat paravrittam paroksham. Athava pararindriyadibhikshyate sinchyate abhivait iti paroksham." [Pramayaratnamala p. 43]. 3. Pravachansar Matha 54 Shri Amrit Chandraavaryakrit Teeka. Pravachansar. 5. Vishdam pratyaksha ||1|| Pratotyant rabyavghanean visheshvattaya va pratibhasan vaishyam. ||2/4 p. mu. || Parokshamitarat. ||3/1. || Parikshamukha). 6. "Kevalamashay" [Jayadhaval pu. 1 p. 21] | "Pratmarthavyatirikt sahayanirapekshatvadva keval mashayam." Jayabaval 1423]". 8. "Sanam ayashpamaasa muththi." [Pravachansar Gatha 21]. 6. "Neyen vina kahm ganam." (Swamikartikayanrupreksha Gatha 247]