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## Gāghā 296
## Jñānamārga-raṇā/373
Many types of knowledge are known directly and indirectly, that is called knowledge. ||266!!
**Special Meaning:** Knowledge that illuminates the essence (true form and meaning).
**Doubt:** How can knowledge of doubt and false vision illuminate the essence?
**Solution:** This is not the case, because there is similarity in the knowledge of right vision and false vision.
**Doubt:** If there is similarity in the knowledge of both, then how can the false vision being ignorant?
**Solution:** Knowledge with false vision is called ignorance because it does not perform the function of knowledge. Just as a son who does not perform the duties of a son is called a non-son.
**Doubt:** What is the function of knowledge?
**Solution:** The function of knowledge is to have interest in the truth, certainty, faith, and to uphold conduct. This function is not found in the false vision being, therefore their knowledge is called ignorance.
**Explanation:** To express desire is interest. To decide the nature is certainty. Not to deviate from the decision is faith. Or, the fruit is of two types - direct fruit and traditional fruit. The cessation of knowledge related to the object is the direct fruit of knowledge. Abandonment of undesirable or harmful objects after knowing is called abandonment. Acceptance of desirable or beneficial objects after knowing is called acceptance. In the state of being free from attachment, after knowing the object, the intellect of desirable and undesirable does not arise, but a neutral feeling of indifference arises, this is called indifference.
**Explanation:** He who knows is knowledge, i.e. concretely used knowledge, or the knowledge-obscuring karma from which the soul knows, knew, or will know, the result of the soul arising from the partial destruction of the knowledge-obscuring karma or the complete destruction of the knowledge-obscuring karma is called knowledge. The name of karma-doer is form, the use that remains with that type is called concrete. Karma separate from evidence is called form. That is, the object that appears different from oneself in evidence is called form.
**Explanation:** Substance is beginningless and infinite. From the perspective of substance, there is neither destruction of substance nor any new substance.