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## 272/Go. Sa. Jivakanda
**Verse 164-166**
**Verse Meaning:** In a single Nigoda body, the number of living beings is infinitely greater than the amount of matter, even compared to the number of Jivas who have attained liberation in all past times. ||166||
**Special Meaning:** The disintegration of worldly beings never occurs. One reason for this is stated in this verse. In a single Nigoda body, there are an infinite number of living beings.
**Doubt:** How many are there? **Solution:** In a single Nigoda body, there are infinitely more living beings than those who have attained liberation in the past.
**Doubt:** What is the logic behind the existence of an infinite number of living beings in a single Nigoda body? **Solution:** The logic is that the total number of living beings is infinite.
**Doubt:** Those numbers which, upon their depletion, lead to the disintegration of the soul, are called countable and uncountable. Those numbers which do not lead to disintegration even upon their depletion in countable and uncountable forms are called infinite. Since the total number of living beings is infinite, it does not experience disintegration. Otherwise, there would be a contradiction in its being infinite.
**Doubt:** With the change of half-pudgala, there is a deviation, because even though the time of half-pudgala change is infinite, it still experiences disintegration.
**Solution:** This is not correct, because the infinite designation applies only to the object of pure knowledge, and its infinite form is known through inference. It is also not correct to say that the designation of quantity is known in the object, because the designation of quantity is obtained in the measured barley grains.
**Doubt:** How do we know that the number of living beings in a single Nigoda body is infinitely greater than the number of Jivas who have attained liberation in all past times?
**Solution:** We know this through logic. For example, if the total number of living beings is present in the Nigoda bodies, then how many living beings would be present in a single Nigoda body? In this way, by dividing the amount of matter by the desired amount multiplied by the amount of fruit, the amount of living beings in a single Nigoda body is equal to the uncountable fraction of the total number of living beings. However, if the liberated Jivas were to attain liberation in an uncountable number of lokas in every moment of the past, then they would still be uncountably greater than the past time. But this is not the case, because the liberated Jivas are only available in an uncountable fraction of the past time.
**Doubt:** How do we know that the total number of living beings is infinitely greater than the past time? **Solution:** We know this through the principle of "Shodashapadika Alp Bahutva" (the principle of sixteen-fold smallness and greatness).
**Doubt:** What is the principle of "Shodashapadika Alp Bahutva"?