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A foolish being, under the sway of resolve, considers objects as desirable and undesirable. From this arises attachment and aversion, and from these two, he attains the bondage of karma, which is difficult to break. ||24||
Resolve is a mental activity that desires objects. This same resolve is called wrong intention, and from wrong intention arises inattention. ||25||
Therefore, for the purification of the mind, one should contemplate the true nature of things. For by contemplating the true nature of things, knowledge is purified, and by the purification of knowledge, meditation is purified. ||26||
Meditation is remembered as being of two kinds: praiseworthy and unpraiseworthy. Each of these is further divided into two, according to the nature of the thoughts. ||27||
The wise have described meditation as being of four kinds: Ārta, Raudra, Dharmya, and Śukla. ||28||
Know the first two, Ārta and Raudra, as unworthy of practice, for they are false meditations and increase worldly existence. The latter two, Dharmya and Śukla, are worthy of practice even by the ascetics. ||29||
Now, I will explain the internal divisions of these meditations, their characteristics, their etymology, their causes, their bases, their time, their nature, and their fruits. ||30||
The first, Ārta meditation, is that which arises from suffering. It is of four kinds: the first arises from the non-attainment of a desired object; the second arises from the attainment of an undesired object; the third arises from a cause; and the fourth arises from illness, etc. ||33||
To repeatedly think about the union of a desired object when it is separated from you, is the first Ārta meditation. Similarly, to constantly think about the separation of an undesired object when it is united with you, is the second Ārta meditation. ||32||
The meditation that arises from the desire for enjoyment is the third Ārta meditation, called Nidāna. This meditation arises in a being whose mind is disturbed by seeing the enjoyment of others. And the repeated thinking of a person suffering from pain, to destroy that pain, is the fourth Ārta meditation. ||33||