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The Sutra Kritanga Sutra states that the soul goes to the other world or to a new life. What is the need to search for another proof to prove the soul? The soul is proven by the most senior or best proof among all proofs because knowledge is the attribute of the soul which is direct. The attribute is not different from the attributed, the knowledge attribute is not different from the soul attribute, it is inseparable. Therefore, the soul is direct in the same way as the directness of the cloth etc. attributes from the directness of the form etc. attributes. I am happy, I am sad, in this way, the language where "I" is used, the soul is directly perceived by the knowledge of "I" because the knowledge of "I" is the form of self-knowledge, the form of the soul, it is the knowledge of the soul. It is my body, it is my old karma, etc., the way it is directed, it indicates the difference of the soul from the body. Similarly, there are other proofs that prove the soul.
Charvaka said that consciousness is nothing but the elements, it is not different from the elements because it is the function of the elements, just as the pot etc. are the functions of the clay etc., this statement is also inappropriate and illogical because it has the fallacy of the reason, consciousness is not the function of the elements because it is not their attribute, this has already been explained. If consciousness is considered to be the function of the elements, then the knowledge of the five senses or the five objects cannot be achieved, this proves that the soul is the basis of knowledge, separate from the elements.
Another doubt is raised. What is the need to know the soul, the basis of knowledge, or the soul different from knowledge, because with the help of knowledge, the all-encompassing perception or the collective knowledge can be achieved, therefore, what is the need to believe in a useless soul like the fat glands on the body, like a boil? Everything can be contained in knowledge, which is like this - knowledge is conscious. When it is related to the elements, which are devoid of consciousness, changing in the form of the body, then actions like happiness, sorrow, desire, hatred, effort, etc. arise. The same is perceived by the collective perception or the collective knowledge. The same knowledge goes to the other world. In this way, all the subjects are well-organized and well-known. Then why is it necessary to hypothesize the soul?
The solution is this - the collective perception or the collective knowledge cannot be the basis of knowledge without believing in the soul, which is different from or separate from knowledge. Each sense organ perceives its own object, a different sense organ does not perceive the object of another sense organ. In such a situation, in the absence of a soul, the knower who perceives all the objects, I have understood all the five objects, this collective perception or knowledge does not happen.
If it is said that there is a principle called Alaya-vijnana, then that collective knowledge can happen, then the answer is this - you have renamed the soul as Alaya-vijnana. In fact, it is the soul. The knowledge attribute cannot exist without the attributed, therefore, its soul attribute is definitely desired, it should be.
The soul is not omnipresent because its attribute, knowledge, is not available everywhere. The pot is an example of this. The soul is like a grain of black gram, some people say this.
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