Sutrakritang Sutra

SR No.: 032440
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Sudarshanlal Acharya, Priyadarshan Muni, Chhaganlal Shastri
Publisher: Shwetambar Sthanakvasi Jain Swadhyayi Sangh
Publication Year: 1999
Total Pages: 658
Language: Hindi
Classification: Book_Devnagari & agam_sutrakritang
File Size: 21 MB

Page 38

सूत्रकृताङ्ग सूत्रम्
श्री स्वाभाविक द्रवत्व स्नेह और वेग नामक १४ गुणों से युक्त है। जल का मूल रूप शुक्ल है । रस मधुर है एवं स्पर्शशीतल है । तेजस्त्व के संबंध से अथवा तेजस्त्व धर्म के योग से तेज या अग्नि की निष्पत्ति होती है । रूप, स्पर्श, संख्या, परिमाण पृथक्त्व, संयोग, विभाग, परत्व, अपरत्व, निमित्तजन्य द्रवत्व और वेग ये ११ गुण उसके प्राप्त होते हैं । उसका रूपशुक्ल, भास्वर - द्युतिमय तथा स्पर्श उष्णतायुक्त होता है । वायुत्व के योग से अथवा वायुत्व धर्म के संबंध से वायु का अस्तित्व है, वह अनुष्ण, अशीत-न गरम न ठण्डे स्पर्श से युक्त है । संख्या, परिमाण, पृथक्त्व, संयोग, विभाग परत्व, अपरत्व और वेग ये ९ गुण उसमें पाये जाते हैं । हृदय की कम्पन, शब्द श्रवण, उष्णता और शीतलतारहित स्पर्श द्वारा उसका बोध होता आकाश अपने आपमें एक परिभाषिक संज्ञा है । वह एक है । संख्या, परिमाण, पृथक्त्व, संयोग, विभाग तथा शब्द पाये जाते हैं । शब्द उसका लिङ्ग है-शब्द द्वारा उसकी प्रतीति होती है ।
६ गुण उसके (इसी प्रकार अन्य सिद्धान्तवादियों ने भी पांचमहाभूतों का अस्तित्व स्वीकार किया है । तब लोकायतिक या चार्वाक मत की अपेक्षा से ही पांच भूतों का वर्णन क्यों किया गया 2] यह प्रश्न उपस्थित होता है ? इसके समाधान रूप में कहा जाता है कि सांख्य आदि दार्शनिको के अनुसार प्रकृति सेअहंकार आदि की उत्पत्ति होती है, वे काल दिशा तथा आत्माआदि अन्य अनेक पदार्थ स्वीकार करते है तो चार्वाक पांच महाभूतों के अतिरिक्त आत्मा आदि अन्य किन्हीं भी पदार्थों को स्वीकार नहीं करते, अतएव उनके सिद्धान्त की अपेक्षा से ही सूत्र की व्याख्या की गई है ।
एएपंच महब्भूया, तेब्भो एगोत्ति आहिया । अह तेसिं विणासेणं, विणासो होइ देहिणो ॥८॥
छाया
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एतानि पञ्चमहाभूतानि, तेभ्य एकइत्याख्यातवन्तः ।
अथ तेसां विनाशेन, विनाशो भवति देहिनः ॥८॥
अनुवाद वे चार्वाकसिद्धान्तानुयायी ऐसा कहते हैं कि पहले वर्णित पांचमहाभूत ही मौलिक तत्व है, उनसे उनके समन्वय, सम्मिलन से आत्मा उत्पन्न होती है । जब इनका विनाश-पार्थक्य हो जाता है-ये अलग-अलग हो जाते हैं तब आत्मा का भी नाश हो जाता है ।
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टीका – यथाचैतत् तथादर्शयितुमाह-एएपंच मब्भूया इत्यादि । 'एतानि' अनन्तरोक्तानिपृथिव्यादीनिपञ्चमहाभूतानियानि, तेभ्यः कायाकारपरिणतेभ्य एकः कश्चिच्चिद्रूपो भूताव्यतिरिक्त आत्माभवति । न भूतेभ्यो व्यतिरिक्तोऽपरः कश्चित् परपरिकल्पितः परलोकानुयायी सुखदुःखभोक्ता जीवाख्यः पदार्थोऽस्तीत्येवमाख्यातवन्तस्ते । तथा (ते) हि एवं प्रमाणयंति-नपृथिव्यादि व्यतिरिक्त आत्माऽस्ति तद्ग्राहकप्रमाणाभावात् प्रमाणञ्चात्र प्रत्यक्षमेव, नानुमादिकं तत्रेन्द्रियेण साक्षादर्थस्य सम्बन्धाभावाद् व्याभिचार संभवः । सतिच व्यभिचारसंभवे सदृशे च बाधासंभवे तल्लक्षणमेव दूषितं स्यादिति सर्वत्रानाश्वासः । तथाचोक्तम्
“हस्तस्पर्शादिवान्धेन विषमेपथिधावता । अनुमान प्रधानेन विनिपातो न दुर्लभः " ?
अनुमानञ्चात्रोपलक्षण मागमादीनामपि, साक्षादर्थसंबंधाभावाद्धस्तस्पर्शनेनेव प्रवृत्तिरिति । तस्मात्प्रत्यक्षमेवैकं प्रमाणं तेन च भूतव्यतिरिक्तस्यात्मनो न ग्रहणं यत्तु चैतन्यं तेषूपलभ्यते, तद्भूतेष्वेव कायाकारपरिणतेष्वभिव्यज्यते,
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Translation AI Generated

## Sutra Kritanga Sutra

The earth element is composed of 14 qualities: natural fluidity, affection, and velocity. Its original form is white. Its taste is sweet and its touch is cool. Fire is produced from the element of fire or by the association of the quality of fire. It acquires 11 qualities: form, touch, number, quantity, separateness, combination, division, externality, internality, induced fluidity, and velocity. Its form is white, luminous, and its touch is hot. Air exists due to the association of the quality of air or the quality of air. It is neither hot nor cold to the touch. It possesses 9 qualities: number, quantity, separateness, combination, division, externality, internality, and velocity.

The perception of space is through the vibration of the heart, the hearing of sound, and the touch that is neither hot nor cold. Space is a defined term in itself. It is one. It possesses the qualities of number, quantity, separateness, combination, division, and sound. Sound is its characteristic - it is perceived through sound.

**[Question]** Why are the five elements described in this way, when other philosophers also accept the existence of the five elements? This question arises in comparison to the Lokayata or Charvaka philosophy.

**[Answer]** According to the Sankhya and other philosophers, ego and other things are produced from nature. They accept many other things like time, direction, and soul. However, the Charvaka philosophy does not accept any other things besides the five elements, including the soul. Therefore, the explanation of the Sutra is given in comparison to their philosophy.

**[Verse 8]** These five elements are called one. With their destruction, the destruction of the embodied being occurs.

**[Commentary]** As it is, to show this, it is said: "These five elements..." The five elements, earth, etc., mentioned earlier, are called one because they are transformed into the body. There is no soul, separate from the elements, that is a form of consciousness. There is no other being, separate from the elements, that is imagined as a soul, a enjoyer of happiness and suffering, and a being called a living being. They say this. They also prove it this way: There is no soul separate from earth, etc., because there is no evidence to perceive it. The evidence here is only direct perception, not inference, etc. Because there is no direct connection of the object with the sense organ, there is a possibility of error. If there is a possibility of error, and there is a possibility of contradiction in similar things, then the characteristic itself would be faulty, and there would be doubt everywhere. As it is said:

"A person running on a rough path, with a hand touching something, etc., is not difficult to find a fallacy with inference as the main thing."

Inference here is also a sign of the path, etc., because there is no direct connection with the object, and the action is only through the touch of the hand. Therefore, direct perception is the only evidence. And by that, the soul, separate from the elements, is not perceived. Whatever consciousness is found in them, it is manifested in the elements themselves, transformed into the body.