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## Translation:
**160**
**Mulachara**
Contemplation of digestion, transformation of other natures, bondage, and liberation of karmas is called *vipaka-vicaya* dharma-dhyana. || 401 ||
Contemplation of the *uddamahati-riyalo*e, *vicinadi* with *sappajjae* and *sansthana*, and *anugadao* and *anuprekhao* with *vicinadi*... || 402 ||
Contemplation of the upper, lower, and intermediate realms, with their *parayaa* and *sansthana*, and *anugata* and *anuprekha*... || 402 ||
**Meaning:** Contemplation of the *patala* (earth), *indra* (heavenly beings), *shreni* (series), *bandha* (bondage), *prakirnaka* (scattered), *adi* (etc.), *paryaya* (cycle), *trikona* (triangle), *chaturshkona* (quadrilateral), *gola* (sphere), *ayata* (rectangle), *mridanga* (drum-shaped), *aakara* (shape), *urdvaloka* (upper realm), *adholoka* (lower realm), *madhyaloka* (intermediate realm), and the twelve *bhavana* (contemplations) obtained in this, is called *sansthana-vicaya* dharma-dhyana. || 402 ||
*Adhruvam asaranam ekatvam anyatva sansara loka asuchitvam. Asrava sanvara nirjara dharma bodhi cha chintyah.* || 403 ||
**Meaning:** One should contemplate the impermanence, lack of refuge, oneness, otherness, impurity of the world, cessation of inflows, purification of karmas, and enlightenment (including right faith). || 403 ||
*Upashantastu prithaktva dhyayati dhyanam vitarka vicaram. Khinakashayo dhyayati ekatva vitake vicaram.* || 404 ||
*Upashanta* (calm) contemplates separateness with *dhyana* (meditation) and *vitarka-vicara* (reflective thought). *Khinakashaya* (one with diminished passions) contemplates oneness with *vitarka-vicara*. || 404 ||