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The five great vows (Panchacharas) 5. All living beings have both knowledge and perception. ||228|| And the divisions of living beings are described in brief. What is devoid of such characteristics is to be known as non-living matter. ||229||
Meaning: Thus, many divisions of living beings have been described in brief. What is devoid of the characteristics of knowledge, etc., of such living beings should be known as non-living matter. ||229||
Further, the divisions of non-living matter are stated; Non-living matter is of two kinds, having form and formless. Having form is of four kinds: skandha, skandha-desa, skandha-pradesa, and anu. ||230||
Non-living matter is also of two kinds, having form and formless. Having form is of four kinds: skandha, skandha-desa, skandha-pradesa, and anu. ||230||
Meaning: There are two divisions of non-living matter: having form and formless. Having form also includes taste, smell, and color. There are four divisions of matter having form: skandha, skandha-desa, skandha-pradesa, and atom. ||230||
Skandha is the whole, half of it is called desa. Half of it is called skandha-pradesa, and the indivisible is called atom. ||231||
Skandha is the whole, half of it is called desa. Half of it is called skandha-pradesa, and the indivisible is called atom. ||231||
Meaning: The whole, which is the aggregate of all divisions, is called skandha. Half of it is called desa. Half of it is called skandha-pradesa, and the indivisible is called atom. ||231||