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स्वर्ण-जयन्ती गौरव-ग्रन्थ
sound. But all the mobile beings from two-sensed onwards can have this faculty. There are ten vitalities, bala, manifest marks of life. These are
(i) sense of touch, (ii) body, (iii) respiration, (iv) life-span. (v) sense of taste, (vi) faculty of speech, (vii) sense of smell, (viii) (i) sense of sight, (iv) (i) sense of hearing and (x) rationality. One-sensed beings have the first to the fourth vitalities. Two-sensed have the fifth and the sixth in addition. The three-sensed beings have the seventh in addition. The four-sensed have the eighth and the five-sensed nonrationals have the ninth in addition. Only the five-sensed rational beings, i.e. those having a discriminative mind, have all the ten vitalities.
In the Jaina scriptures sound (sabda/nāda) has been conceived as pudgala (non-sentient matter and also energy). It is produced by the vibration of material particles. Since the immobile beings cannot vibrate the material particles of their bodies, they are without the faculty of producing sound. The mobile ones can do that. Therefore they can have this faculty.
In physical observation worms etc. (two-sensed) and ants etc. (three-sensed) do not seem to be producing any sound. But on minute observation it has been found that insects produce sound by friction and the ants and the like produce sound by vibrating their proboscis. The snakes produce hissing sound by short, quick breath, the crickets by vibrating the membrane and the black bee by vibrating their wings. Fishes produce sound by vibrating the inner muscles of their body. Animals and birds produce vocal sound. All these sounds are inarticulate. For the production of articulate sound a discriminative mind has to come into play to conceptualize the percepts and express the concepts in language. In the worldly existence, this is possible for humans only.
There may be exceptions in this regard. But these may be covered under the provision of paryāpti (completion). There are six components of completion. viz.
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