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(Kalpa ) tho goneral as well as the particular rules of conduct are collected, the finer regulations as to the order of rank, the subordination & the procedure towards the transgressor, are comprehended as Vavahīra ( vyavabára). It is clear by itself that the prescripts first named must have an origin previous to those mentioned afterwards. Here with agrees the fact that the kappa zules call the monk niggantba, the vavahára rules bhikku, the latter being the term by far dominating in the rocond part of the Ayaránga and throughout in the Nisiha-sátta, which both can be proved to be not of the same age as our two texto.
Walther schubring, Professor of Sanskrit,
University of Hamburg, Germany.
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