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## Chapter Three: Distinction
**Distinction:** Here, the restraint from teaching evil, etc., is external to the boundary, while the restraint from the non-virtuous punishments in the non-virtuous punishment restraint vow is internal to it. Now, what are those non-virtuous punishments from which there should be restraint? This is explained:
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Five are the non-virtuous punishments: teaching evil, violence, taking, inattention, and bad listening.
They are called non-virtuous punishments by the holders of the non-virtuous punishments, like the Ganadhara Devas, because they are like punishments, being harmful to others through their evil mind, speech, and body. They do not hold them, hence they are called holders of the non-virtuous punishments. What are they? Non-virtuous punishments. How many? Five. How is it explained? "Teaching evil, etc." Teaching evil, violence, taking, inattention, and bad listening, these four, and heedless conduct, make five.
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Now, the nature of teaching evil is explained:
**30**
The teaching of evil is to be remembered as the occurrence of stories about the suffering of animals, trade, violence, and undertaking, etc.
To be remembered, to be known. What? Teaching evil. Evil, the teaching that is the cause of earning evil. What kind? The occurrence of stories, the occurrence of stories about the suffering of animals, etc. What is special? The birth, the one that is born, the producer. Of whom? This is explained: "The suffering of animals, etc." The suffering of animals, like the taming of elephants, etc., trade, the work of merchants, buying and selling, etc., violence, the killing of living beings, undertaking, like agriculture, etc.