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## Chapter Three:
Here, the author explains the **Vikala** (partial) vows:
For householders, there are three types of vows, based on **Anu**, **Guna**, and **Shiksha** (small, good, and learning). These three types are further divided into five, three, and four categories respectively.
**Anu** vows are of five types:
* **Anu** vows are partial vows. They involve refraining from:
* **Praṇātipāta** (violence against living beings)
* **Vithathavyāhara** (false speech)
* **Steya** (theft)
* **Kāma** (sexual misconduct)
* **Mūrchā** (attachment)
* These are refrained from in their **sthūla** (gross) forms. This is because it is impossible for an **Anu** vow holder to completely avoid all transgressions. Therefore, they refrain from the gross forms of violence, false speech, etc.
For example, one who has refrained from killing large animals may still kill small ones. Similarly, one who has refrained from gross lies may still tell subtle ones. Likewise, one who has refrained from stealing large amounts may still take small things that are not rightfully theirs. And one who has refrained from sexual misconduct with a woman who is already married may still engage in other forms of misconduct.
Therefore, the **Anu** vows are based on refraining from the gross forms of these five transgressions.