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OXVIII
FOREWORD 7. Further if the substances are eternal the Vijnanas caused by them should rise all at once and not one after another.
8. We also admit the mind as the sixth Vijñana but it is not one and eternal. If it were so, all knowledge pertaining to the mind should rise all at once and not in succession.
XI. Gunapariksa.
Examination of Quality. 1. The Naiyayikas and the Vaiseșikas admit twenty-four qualities as residing in the nine substances previously mentioned.
2. Number is a separate quality, because the entities like elephants, etc. are known as one, two, three, etc. which are different from the knowledge of elephant, etc.
Aviddhakarna. 3. The seeds, water, earth, etc. are able to produce the seedings, etc. But separately they cannot do so, because the union is wanting. So union or Samayoga should also be accepted as a separate quality.
Udyotakara. 4. There are three kinds of conformations,— Vega ( motion ) Bhavand (tendency ) and Sthitisthapaka (elasticity ) which cause continuous action in a substance, the memory of a thing already perceived, and bringing a thing back to the same position respectively, These three also should be considered as different qualities.
Refutation. 1. As substance which is the support of qualities is refuted, there is no necessity of refuting the qualities again. The colour, etc. do not reside in the substance. If the colour of a substance is one and is permanently in it, then it ought to be seen fully when a part of the substance only is perceived. If again, there are many colours in atomic form in one substance, they should be termed substances and not qualities, as they have the form of atoms.
2. Number cannot be called a different quality. When we see one elephant we do not perceive anything beyond the elephant. Similarly the measure also cannot be different from the