Tattvarthasutra Hindi

SR No.: 008066
Original Sutra Author: Umaswati, Umaswami
Author: Sukhlal Sanghavi
Publisher: Parshwanath Vidyapith
Publication Year: 1976
Total Pages: 444
Language: Hindi
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, Religion, Epistemology, Tattvartha Sutra, & Tattvarth
File Size: 9 MB

Page 41

तथा सिद्धसेन आदि के उल्लेख से उसकी उमास्वाति-कर्तृकता निश्चित रूप से सिद्ध होती है।
उमास्वाति अपने को 'वाचक' कहते है, इसका अर्थ 'पूर्ववित्' कर के पहले से ही श्वेताम्बराचार्य उमास्वाति को 'पूर्ववित्' रूप से पहचानते आए हैं । दिगम्बर-परम्परा में भी उनको 'श्रुतकेलिदेशीय' कहा गया है।
तथा सिद्ध सेन भाष्यकार और सूत्रकार को एक ही समझते है । यथा - स्वकृतसूत्रसंनिवेशमाश्रित्योक्तम् ।-९. २२, पृ० २५३ ।
इति श्रीमदर्हत्प्रवचने तत्त्वार्थाधिगमे उमास्वातिवाच रोपज्ञसूत्रभाष्ये भाष्यानुसारिण्यां च टीकायां सिद्धसेनगणिविरचितायां अनगारागारिधर्मप्ररूपकः सप्तमो. ऽध्यायः । --तत्त्वार्थभाष्य के सातवे अध्याय की टीका की पुष्पिका। ऐसे अन्य उल्लेखों के लिए आगे--(ग) उमास्वाति की परम्परा' नामक उपशीर्षक, पृ० १५ ।
प्रशमरतिप्रकरण की १२०वी कारिका 'आचार्य पाह' कहकर निशीथचूर्णि मे उद्धृत है । इस चूर्णि के प्रणेता जिनदास महत्तर का समय विक्रम की आठवी शताब्दी है जिसका निर्देश उन्होने अपनी नन्दिसूत्र को चूर्णि में किया है। अतः कहा जा सकता है कि प्रशमरति विशेष प्राचीन है। इससे तथा ऊपर निर्दिष्ट कारणों से इस कृति के वाचक की होने में कोई बाधा नही है ।
१. पूर्वो के चौदह होने का समवायाग आदि आगमों मे वर्णन है। ऐसा भी उल्लेख है कि वे दृष्टिवाद नामक बारहवे अङ्ग का पाँचवाँ भाग जानते थे। पूर्वश्रुत अर्थात् भ० महावीर द्वारा सर्वप्रथम दिया हुआ उपदेश-ऐसी परम्परागत मान्यता है । पश्चिम के विद्वानो की इस विषय मे कल्पना है कि भ० पार्श्वनाथ की परम्परा का जो पूर्वकालीन श्रुत भ० महावीर को अथवा उनके शिष्यो को मिला वह पूर्वश्रुत है । यह श्रुत क्रमश. भ० महावीर के उपदिष्ट श्रुत मे ही मिल गया और उसी का एक भाग माना गया । जो भ० महावीर की द्वादशागी के धारक थे वे इस पूर्वश्रुत को जानते थे । कण्ठस्थ रखने की परम्परा तथा अन्य कारणों से पूर्वश्रुत क्रमश. नष्ट हो गया और आज 'पूर्वगतगाथा' रूप मे नाममात्र से शेष उल्लिखित मिलता है। 'पूर्व' के आधार पर बने कुछ ग्रन्थ मिलते है ।
२. नगर ताल्लुका के एक दिगम्बर शिलालेख नं० ४६ मे इन्हे 'श्रुतकेवलिदेशीय' कहा गया है । यथा
तत्त्वार्थसूत्रकर्तारमुमास्वातिमुनीश्वरम् । श्रुतकेवलिदेशीयं वन्देऽहं गुणमन्दिरम ।।

Translation AI Generated

The mention of Siddhasena and others definitively establishes the authorial authenticity of Umaswati. Umaswati refers to himself as 'Vachaka,' which means that the Shvetambara Acharya Umaswati has previously been recognized in a 'foreknowledge' capacity. In the Digambara tradition, he has also been referred to as 'Shrutakevalideshi.' Moreover, Siddhasena considers the commentator and the sutra author to be the same. As stated - "as per the texts stemming from one's own formation" (9.22, p. 253). Accordingly, in the revered teachings of the Arhat concerning the understanding of the Tattvartha, according to the commentary attributed to Umaswati on the Vachaka-knowledge sutra, in the commentary composed by Siddhasena as the eighth chapter forming the basis of the Anagaragaaridharmaprarupaka. The supplement to the seventh chapter of the Tattvartha commentary. For further mentions, refer to (g) Umaswati's Tradition, p. 15. The 120th verse of the Prashamarati text references 'Acharya Paha' as cited in the Nishitha Churni. The author of this churni, Jinadas Mahattara, lived during the eighth century Vikram, as indicated by his reference to the Nandisutra within the churni. Thus, it can be said that Prashamarati is particularly ancient. Therefore, there is no hindrance in attributing this work to the Vachaka.

1. The enumeration of the fourteen predecessors is described in various Agamas. It is also noted that they were knowledgeable about the fifth part of the twelfth limb known as Drishtivada. The traditional belief is that the teachings provided by Bhagwan Mahavira were given first as 'Purvashruta.' There is a conception among Western scholars that the Purvashruta received by Bhagwan Mahavira or his disciples is linked to the tradition of Bhagwan Parshvanath. This Shruta gradually merged into the teachings imparted by Bhagwan Mahavira and was considered part of that. Those who adhered to the twelve vows of Bhagwan Mahavira were knowledgeable about this Purvashruta. Due to the tradition of memorization and other reasons, the Purvashruta gradually diminished, and today it is mostly mentioned nominally as 'Purvagatagatha.' Some texts based on 'Purv' are found.

2. In an inscription number 46 from the Nagar Taluka, he is referred to as 'Shrutakevalideshi,' as follows:
"I bow to Umaswati, the author of the Tattvarthasutra, who is Shrutakevalideshi, the abode of virtues."