Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
9. 25-26]
Types of Self-Study and Renunciation
There are also ten types of Vayavrittya - 1. The one whose main duty is to lead others to take vows and conduct themselves according to ethics is the Acharya. 2. The one whose main duty is to teach the study of scriptures is the Upadhyaya. 3. A person who performs great and intense penance is a Tapsvi. 4. A novice who has received initiation and is a candidate for learning is a Shaiksh. 5. A person weakened by illness, etc., is a Kshina. 6. A community of monks (Sadhus) who are students of different Acharyas and who have a mutual relationship as fellow students is a Gan. 7. The family of disciples of a single initiator is a Kul. 8. The community following the Dharma, comprising Sadhus, Sadhvis, Shravakas, and Shravikas, is a Sangh, which has four types. 9. A person who has renounced (Pravrajya) is called a Sadhu. 10. A person equal in knowledge and other virtues is called a Samasnawya or Samansheel.
Types of Self-Study
The five types of self-study are: 1. The recitation or reading of words or meanings is called Vachana. 2. Inquiring to resolve doubts or seeking specific answers is called Prachhana. 3. Reflecting on words, texts, or their meanings is called Anupraeksha. 4. The pure and repeated recitation of learned items is called Amnāya, meaning repetition. 5. Explaining the essence of known matters or stating the Dharma is called Dharmopadesh.
Types of Renunciation
There are two types of renunciation: external and internal. In reality, renunciation as the cessation of ego and possessiveness is one, yet the relinquishable items manifest in external and internal forms. Therefore, there are also two types of renunciation or Tyaga - 1. The renunciation of possessiveness towards external materials like wealth, grain, houses, fields etc., is called external renunciation. 2. The renunciation of possessiveness towards the body and the detachment from attachments related to the body are called internal renunciation.