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168
Tattvarthasutra
[7.2-3 Types of Vows
In all places, whether minuscule or significant, there is the vow of restraint known as 'Anuvrata' and the vow of complete restraint known as 'Mahavrata.' Each person who desires renunciation becomes free from faults. However, not all renunciations are equal, which is natural from the perspective of the evolutionary process. Therefore, the various renunciations related to faults like illusion, etc., are recognized as vows and are categorized in brief into two types: Mahavrata and Anuvrata.
1. To be free from faults such as violence, by the mind, speech, and body in all respects, constitutes the vow of Mahavrata.
2. To be less free in any measure, no matter how small, is termed Anuvrata.
The Feelings of Vows
For each vow, there are five specific feelings that help in establishing them. If careful and distinct favorable dispositions are not adopted, merely accepting the vow is insufficient for it to manifest in the soul. The vows taken must be deeply ingrained in life; hence, certain favorable dispositions, albeit in limited degrees, are specially enumerated from a gross perspective, which are famous as feelings (Bhavana). If the behaviors align precisely with these feelings, the embraced vows yield desirable results akin to a potent medicine for the earnest practitioner. These feelings, in order, are:
1. The five feelings of Ahimsa Vow are: Eiryasa, Manogupti, Eshanasamiti, Adananiksepana-samiti, and Alokitapanabhog.
2. The five feelings of Satya Vow are: Anuvichibhashana, Krodhapratyakhyana, Lobhapratyakhyana, Nirbhayata, and Hasyapratyakhyana.
3. The five feelings of Achaurya Vow are: Anuvichiavagrahayachana, Abhikshnavagrahayachana, Avagrahadharana, Sarmikasevavagrahayachana, and Anugnyapita-paanabhog.
4. The prohibition of sleeping, etc., served by a woman, animal, or neuter, the prohibition of engaging in conversations with women out of attachment, and the prohibition of observing the beautiful features of women,