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Elaboration Pratipakshapadena naam means to call a thing by a name representing some specific attributes in spite of the absence of those attributes or in the presence of opposite attributes (antithetically derived name or antonymous name)
For example, a she-jackal is generally called ashiva which means inauspicious. However, in order not to utter an inauspicious word at the time of auspicious occasion like founding a settlement, there is a tradition of calling it shiva, which means auspicious.
Beverages have a pungent and bitter taste. However, because of the superstition that if, in the house of the distiller, it is called amla (bitter and pungent) it gets spoiled, it is called svadu or tasty.
In the same way labu means a pot or a gourd. Although a gourd-pot is used to keep liquids, it is still called alabu (non-gourd or not a pot).
A person who utters meaningless jumble or speaks incoherently draws a remark that he is unable to speak. Thus although he speaks he is called abhashak (a mute) These are some examples of Pratipakshapadena naam or antithetically derived name.
In ancient times various terms used for different types of settlements were defined as follows
gram--a village having a fencing of thorny bushes. aakar-a settlement near mines of gold or other minerals. nagar-a large city-settlement where no taxes are levied. khet-kraal or a settlement surrounded by a temporary mud wall. karbat-untidy and ragged settlement. madamb—a remote town far away from any other settlement. dronmukh—a city connected by waterways and roads both pattan-a market city or commercial city. ashram-hermitage. sambaha--a castle like settlement atop hill.
sannivesh-a suburb near a city where cowherds and other such families live.
(Maladharı Vritti of Anuyogadvar) (५) प्रधानपदेननाम
२६८. से किं पाहण्णयाए ?
दसनाम-प्रकरण
(9)
The Discussion on Das Naam
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