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(3) The example of the third vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of instrument (karan) is tena bhaniyam (was spoken by him) or maye kayam (was done by me). (Instrumental case)
(Note : This is apparently a case of third case-ending in nominative sense. But if the preceptor is the ultimate doer, his disciples are the instruments in learning the scriptures or doing some work ordered by the preceptor. In this way this becomes instrumental.)
(4) The example of the fourth vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of recipient (sampradan) is in the form of namah and svaha (obeisance and oblation) and the examples are viprayam gam dadati (gives cow to the Brahmin); Namo Jinaya (I offer obeisance to the Jina); and agnayee svaha (oblations are offered to the fire god). (Dative case)
(5) The example of the fifth vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of the object from which something is separated (apadan) is etto apanaya (take away from here) or ito ginha (snatch from him). (Ablative case)
(6) The example of the sixth vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of indicating the relation of one's ownership (sva-svamitva) is tassa ime vastu (this thing belongs to him or this person). (Genitive case)
(7) The example of the seventh vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of the receptacle of something (sannidhan) is imammi (that thing is in this). (Vocative case)
(8) The example of the eighth vachan-vibhakti (caseending) in the sense of addressing (amantran) someone is Hay juvan (Oh ! young man). (59-62)
This concludes the description of Aath nama (Eightnamed). 8 विभक्ति प्रकरण
( 878)
The Discussion on Declension
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