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THE NINE CATEGORIES OF JAINA DOCTRINES.
The S'vetāmbara and Sthānakavāsi believe that there are nine principles of Jainism, Nrivu Tatva ( 71949); the Digambara hold that there are only seven.
i. Jiva (ja). With the Jaina the word Jiva seems to mean sometimes soul, sometimes living being, sometimes consciousness and sometimes vitality.* There are, they say, ten different kinds of life.
(1) Ekendriya ( R4). Under this heading are classed things possessed of existence alone. This class is
again subdivided into things visible Ekendriya.
(bādara OMIE?), as a stone, clay, wind, water, fire, and certain vegetables as onions; and things invisible (sukṣma H&H), as, for example, oxygen. It is the fear of injuring these Ekendriya that so limits the trades à Jaina can follow. Children are even forbidden to play with any of these, such as stones or lumps of earth, for fear of injuring them.t (2) Be Indriya (y $&4). Living things possessed,
the Jaina say, of body and tongue have Be Indriya.
two senses, as caterpillars, leeches, worms, a nimalculae.
* S xari olen. Part 2. p. 38. This is one of a Gujarati Series
of books of instruction in the Jaina religion prepared for
children, and published at Ahmedabad in 1907. + Id. Part 1. p. 28.
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