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30 : AN EARLY HISTORY OF ORISSA is also made of Subhadeva Pātaka in Uttara-Tosala.? Neulpur grant refers to certain villages in Uttara Tosala which have been located in the Balasore district. The evidence we obtain from the Copper Plates of Soro (Balasore district) which record the grant of land in a village adjoining Sarapha (Soro in Balasore) in Uttara Tosala: also indicates that the Balasore region was the centre of the Uttara Tosala country. All these show that the Tosala country which was divided into two distinct parts–Uttara and Dakshiņa (in which was included Kongoda or Kongada mandala) was perhaps the name for the whole expanse of territory extending from Suvarṇarekhā down to Risikulya.
From an epigraphic point of view we are bound to accept this position of the Tosala country although it is not consistent enough with other indications of traditional and historical geography of this region. One of the most noticeable features of mediaeval inscriptions is the employment of more than one name for a particular region. Administrative designations like mandala, bhukti and vishaya have been tacked on to country names, which in some cases, even when due allowance is made to changing political conditions of the time, cannot be accounted for. For instance, in Plate 'C' of the Copper Plates from Soro," Varukāņa vishaya is said to have been within Sarephāhāra which in Plate 'B' of the same records is called a vishaya itself. Further we have noticed that Sarephāhāra vishaya was in Uttara Tosala ;o evidently, Uttara Tosala was
1. JBORS, II, 421. 2. E. I., XV, pp. 2-3. 3. E.I., XXIII, 199. 4. Ibid, 199. 5. Ibid, 202. 6. E. I., XXIII, 202,
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