________________ POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF THE COUNTRY 29 phonetic impossibility. As for Samapa, it is said that the headquarters of the district to which modern Jaugada belongs was called Samapa. The inclusion of Tosali (Dhauli) and Samapa (Jaugada) thus shows that in Asoka's time the Mahanadi-Risikulya valley formed a part of Kalinga. But Tosala (Ptolemy's Tosalei)3 was also the name of a country as we have a reference to the Tosala-vishaya* and even to the division of the country into two distinct parts-Uttara Tosalas and Dakshina Tosala. Dakshina Tosala was perhaps the same as the country (Janapada) of Amita-Tosala in Dakshinapatha, which, according to the Gandavyuha, had a city called Tosala.? Dakshina Tosala was thus the name of a wide territorial division. The combined evidence of several inscriptions implies that it consisted of a vishaya called Anarudra,' and a mandala of the name of Kongoda (Dakskinakosalayam kongodamandalake). Uttara Tosala appears to have been smaller in extent than the Dakshina Tosala and its vishayas so far known. were Panchala, Vubhyudayalo and Sarephahara.' Reference 1. S. Levi (Pre-Aryan & Pre-Dravidian, Trans : P. C. Bagchi, p. 68) says that the vestiges of a large city that have come to light near the site of Dhauli confirm this identification and indicate beyond doubt that in Asoka's time Dhauli or Tosali was the capital of Kalinga. 2. CII., Vol. I, p. xxxviii. 3. M. T., p. 230. 4. H. C. Ray, DHNI, I, 421. 5. E I., XV, 1-3, Verse 5. 6. E. I., IX, 286-7, V. 4. 7. S. Levi, op. cit. p. 68. 8. JBORS, 1928, pp. 292-306. 9. E.I., VI, 141, 1. 21. It is pointed out that here Kogala is & mistake for Tosala (JBORS, V, pp. 564-78). 10. E. I., Vol. V, p. 3, 1, 6. 11. E.I., XXIII, 202. Jain Education International For Personal & Private Use Only www.jainelibrary.org