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Sabda-vyāpāra-vicāra
181
-Śabda-vșttis, as seen in different schools of thought such as the
anas, mīmāmsakas, etc. :-Vaiyākaranas-Patañjali in his Mahābhāsya discusses the topics of 'mukhyā'rtha', i.e. primary meaning of a word, and ‘laksyā’rtha' i.e. secondary meaning of a word. He uses terms such as ‘abhidhāna' while discussing primary meaning. His thinking with reference to the 'guana' i.e. secondary meaning seems to have blossomed in the later concepts of gauna-vrtti and laksaņā-vrtti.
We come across, for a number of times such usages as 'gauna', 'mukhya,' abhidhātum,' abhidhānavat,' 'abhidhānā'rtha,' abhidhiyamāna,' etc. in the Mahābhāsya.
See, for example, Mahābhāsya on I. i. 15—"evam tarhi gauna-mukhyayoḥ mukhye kārya-sampratyayah-iti.; and also, I. iv. 108—"gauna-mukhyayor mukhye sampratyayo bhavati. tad yathā gaur anubandhyah, ajo'gnīsomīya iti na vāhiko’nubadhyate." etc. etc. and also, VIII. 3. 82,-'agneh
somāḥ.....gauna-mukhyayor mukhye sampratipattiḥ. tad yathā gaur anubandhyo......
'abhidhātum' occurs at II. iii. 1, -karoter utpadyamānah kto'navayavena sarvam karma abhidhatte, kata-sabdāt punah utpadyamānayā dvitīyayā yat kațastham karma tat sakyam abhidhātum, na hi karma-visesah.
‘abhidhīyamāna' occurs at II. ii. 24, 25 ... sāmānyā'bhidhāne hi višesā'nabhidhānam. sāmānye hy abhidhīyamāne višeso anabhihito bhavati. tatra avaśyam višesārthinā višeso 'nuproktavyah... etc. athavā vibhaktārtho'bhi-dhīyate etac cátra yuktam yo vibhaktyarthóbhidhīyate tatra hi sarvam paścāt padam vartate'syeti.... abhidhāvat-occurs at I. i. 58, I. iii. 153;
.... anadvāham udahāri yā tvam harasi śirasā kumbham bhag ini, sācīnam abhidhāvantam adrākṣīriti. yasya yatheștam abhisambandho bhavati. udahāri bhagini yā tvam kumbham harasi śirasā 'nadvāham sācīnam abhidhāvantam adrākṣīr iti. abhidhānatah -at, I. iii. 1; 6. prathamabhāvagrahanam ca. ||11||
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