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152
SAHRDAYĀLOKA
and also
"sarvathā prakrti-nirmalam atyudāram vākaranā'dambaram eva prāyaih parivāda-pāmsu-pātaiḥ, na manāg api dūrīkartum pāryate iti siddham. tasmāt pavitrāt sarvasmāt pavitram jana-bahumatam adhigata-caturvarga-grāmam ātmānam kartum adhyeam vyākaranam."
“rūpā’ntareņa devās te vicaranti mahītale,
ye vyākarana-samskāra-pavitrita-mūkhā narāḥ.” manunā ca pankti-pāvanatvena adhigata-vyākaraṇo mīmāmsakaś ca sva. smộtau pathitau.
"yaś ca vyakurute vācam yaś ca mīmāmsate giram” iti |
--Nyāyamañjarī pp. 425-426. (ii) Analogy e.g. 'gauriva gavayaḥ' (iii) lexicon, (iv) testimony - —“āptopadeśāt sāmarthyāt artha-sampratyayaḥ—Nyā. Sū. II. i. 52.
Words like svarga, apsaras, devatā, uttar-kuru, etc. as pointed out by Vātsyāyana, denote objects which are never perceived by human beings. Their meaning is gathered through āptavākya--
_"svargah, apsarasah, uttarāh kuravah, sapta-dvīpāh, samudro, lokasanniveśa ity evam āder apratyaksasya arthasya na sabdamātrāt sampratyayah. kim tarhi ? áptaiḥ ayam uktaḥ śabda ity ataḥ sampratyayah.
-Bhāsya on Nyā. Sū. II. i. 53. and also,
na hy ayam sabdamātrāt svargādīn pratipadyate, kimtu purusavišesā'bhihitatvena pramānatvam pratipadyate, tathābhūtāt sabdāt svarga pratipadyate-Nyāya-vārttika and also
apūrva-devatā-svargaiḥ
samam āhur gadädișu.—V. P. II. 121, etc. (v) Popular usage, i.e. vặddha-vyavahāra
(VI) Contact, (VII) synonyms and (VIII) association with the words of known signification also, meaning is collected. These sources will be discussed in greater details under abhidhā or word-power of direct expression.
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