Sahrdayaloka Part 01

SR No.: 006908
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Tapasvi Nandi
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad
Publication Year: 2005
Total Pages: 602
Language: English
Classification: Book_English
File Size: 14 MB

Page 176

Sabda-vyāpāra-vicāra
151 "gaur iti śabdo, gaur ity artho, gaur iti jñānam. ya esām pravigrāḥ sa sarvavit." - Vyāsabhāsya.
The author of yogasūtra says that this false identification prevents us from understanding the speech of all beings (Yoga-sūtra III. 17), just as māyā hides from us the essential unity of brahman.
The doctrines of sabdā'dhyāsa and sabda-vivarta as suggested by Bhartrhari have been noted by us. But these doctrines were strongly criticised by the Naiyāyikas. Jayantabhatta refutes the interchangeablility of word and meaning (i.e. śabdā'dhyāsa-vāda), and also śabda-vivarta-vāda and brands it as inadequate and irrational
—“sarvathā na sambandhaḥ śabdā’dhyāsavādaḥ, vivartavādo’pi.”—
But, Bhartsihari was a great exponent of the natural relationship between śabda and artha and considered it as the most plausible explanation appealing to one's reason,
—“siddhah svābhāvikaḥ śabdā’rthayoh sambandhah”-Helārāja.
He thus opposes the theory of samketa which brings in the unnecessary discussion of human or Divine volition. He says that if words were naturally not associated with their meanings, nobody could ever connect the one with the other in any way possible :
—“sāmayikas tu sambandhaḥ na yujyate.
-"nitye'nitye' pi bāhye'rthe purusena kathañcana sambandho'mrtasambandhaiḥ śabdaiḥ kartum na sakyate.” (V. P. IV. 38). . We may now note as to how the meaning is comprehended from a word. The cognition as to the denotative power of the words (sakti) is usually derived from popular usages. There are other means also such as — (i) grammar; -Bhartrhari and Jayantabhatta emphasise the importance of grammar -
"artha-pravstti-tattvānām śabdā eva nibandhanam, tattvā'vabodhah sabdānām nāśti
vyākaraņād ste.” – V. P. IV. 38. and also
sādhūpayogān ucitāñś ca śiştān na veda yo, vyākaraṇam na veda. quoted by Punyarāja on V. P. I. 16,