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Lesson 3
Pronoun So : He (Masculine), Så = She (Feminine)Third Person Singular Number Intransitive Verbs
Hasa - To laugh, Saya - To sleep. Ņacca - To dance, Rūsa - To sulk, Lukka = To hide, Jagga = To wake up, Jiva = To live
Present Tense
So
SO
o
Hasai/Hasei/Hasae Hasai/Hasei/Hasae Sayai/Sayei/Sayae Sayai/Sayei/Sayae Naccai/Naccei/Naccae Naccai/Naccei/Naccae Rūsai/Rusei/Rusae Rūsai/Rusei/Rusae Lukkai/Lukkei/Lukkae Lukkai/Lukkei/Lukkae Jaggai/Jaggei/Jaggae Jaggai/Jaggei/Jaggae Jivai/Jivei/Jivae Jivai/Jivei/Jivae
• He laughs. - She laughs. - He sleeps. - She sleeps. - He dances. - She dances. - He sulks. = She sulks. - He hides. - She hides. - He wakes up. - She wakes up. He lives.
So
Sa
So
Sa
So
Så
- She lives.
So-He (Masculine), Sa : She (Feminine) Third Person Singular Number
(Personal Pronoun) In the Third Person Singular of the Present Tense 'i' and 'e' suffixes are used in the verbs. In using 'i' suffix in the verbs 'a of a-ending' verbs is changed into 'e'. 'e' suffix is used only in 'a'- ending verbs. In the a, o, u etc. ending verbs 'e' is not used. In the Tha : To stay. Ho - To become, Hu - To become, Verbs 'e' suffix is not used in the
Present Tense. (See lesson - 4) All the above Verbs are Intransitive. All the above sentences are in the Active Voice.
3. 4.
Apabhramsa Grammar and Composition
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