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## Translation:
**[160]** In the seventh and eighth chapters of the *Prajñapana Sutra*, the two sutras (990-991) discuss which sense organ perceives a *spruṣṭa* (contact) object and which perceives an *aspruṣṭa* (non-contact) object. Similarly, it is explained which sense organ perceives a *praviṣṭa* (entered) object and which perceives an *apraviṣṭa* (non-entered) object.
**Explanation of *spruṣṭa* and *aspruṣṭa*: **
* When an object comes into contact with a sense organ, like sand falling on the body, it is called *spruṣṭa*.
* An object that does not come into contact with a sense organ is called *aspruṣṭa*. For example, sounds (objects) that come into contact with the ear are *spruṣṭa*, but forms (objects) that do not come into contact with the eye are *aspruṣṭa*.
**Specific Explanation:**
This explanation also implies that the ear only perceives *spruṣṭa* sounds. Just as the nose, tongue, and skin perceive bound and *spruṣṭa* smells, tastes, and touches, the ear does not. This is because the objects of the nose, tongue, and skin are less subtle and fewer in number compared to sounds (words). Sound objects, being subtle and numerous, permeate the surrounding space and influence other sound objects, transforming them into different sound forms.
Therefore, sound objects, upon coming into contact with the sense organ, immediately enter the *nirvṛtti* (non-active) sense organ and manifest in the *upakarana* (instrument) sense organ (the power that perceives sound).
Furthermore, the ear is more adept at perceiving its object than the nose, tongue, and skin. Therefore, the ear perceives sounds merely upon contact, but it does not perceive sounds that are not in contact with the sense organ, as it is a *prāpya* (receiver) sense organ and its nature is to perceive *spruṣṭa* objects.
Although the original text states that "the nose smells *spruṣṭa* smells," it should be understood that it smells bound and *spruṣṭa* smells.
The *Āvaśyakaniryukti* states that the ear perceives *spruṣṭa* sounds, but the eye perceives *aspruṣṭa* forms. Similarly, the nose, tongue, and skin perceive their respective bound and *spruṣṭa* objects.
**Meaning of *spruṣṭa* and *bound*: **
* *Spruṣṭa* means coming into contact with the sense organ, while *bound* means having a strong connection with the sense organ.
* Objects become *spruṣṭa* merely by contact, but they become bound and *spruṣṭa* when they merge with the sense organ.
**Necessity of *bound* and *spruṣṭa* for perception:**
Smells, tastes, and touches need to be bound and *spruṣṭa* to be perceived because they are subtle, few in number, and do not influence other objects of their kind. Additionally, the nose, tongue, and skin are less powerful than the ear.
**Explanation of *praviṣṭa* and *apraviṣṭa*: **
The difference between *spruṣṭa* and *praviṣṭa* is that *spruṣṭa* is like sand falling on the body, while *praviṣṭa* is like a morsel entering the mouth. Therefore, there are two differences between them:
1. *Prajñapana Sutra* Commentary, page 298
2. "Listen to the sound, see the form, and then touch, but not the other way around. Smell, taste, and touch are bound and *viyāgara* (perceptible)." - *Āvaśyakaniryukti*
3. "Bound and *apīkya* (perceptible) are perceived by the senses." - *Prajñapana Sutra* Commentary, page 298