Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## Thirty-first Pasyattapad
[169] They are square, below the Pushkar, the Kanika are of the nature of the earth. / In the same way, the Naraka are round inside and square outside, and below they are shaped like a Kharpa (a type of spade), etc. / (7) By Pramanehi - by measurements, i.e., by the measurements of its length, thickness, width, etc. For example, it is one lakh eighty thousand yojanas thick and has the length and width of a Rajju (rope), etc. / (8) By Padoyarehi - by the Pratyavataras, i.e., by the substances (Pratyavataras) that completely encompass it on all sides. / For example, the Ghanodadhi and other rings remain encompassing in all directions and sub-directions, therefore they are called Pratyavataras. Knowing by such Pratyavataras.
The meaning of the first question - Does the Kevali Bhagavan, at the time when he knows the Ratnaprabha, etc., with his Kevalgyan, also see them with his Kevaldarshan, and at the time when he sees them with his Kevaldarshan, does he also know them with his Kevalgyan?
The explanation of the answer - The answer to the above question is 'No'. Because the Kevali Bhagavan's knowledge is Sakar, i.e., it is the recipient of the specific, while his Darshan is Anakar, i.e., it is the recipient of the general. Therefore, it is said that when the Kevali Bhagavan, by means of knowledge, makes a specific distinction, then he knows, and when he, by means of Darshan, receives the Anakar, i.e., the general, then he sees.
Specifically, पुनर्ज्ञानम्, according to this characteristic, the knowledge of an object with its specific qualities or the knowledge that is the recipient of the specific is called knowledge. Therefore, the Kevali's knowledge is the recipient of the Sakar, i.e., the specific, otherwise it cannot be called knowledge, and Darshan is the recipient of the Anakar, i.e., the general, because the characteristic of Darshan is - 'to receive objects without their specific qualities'. Therefore, the principle is that when there is knowledge, there is only knowledge, and when there is Darshan, there is only Darshan. Knowledge and Darshan are like shadow and sunlight, being Sakar and Anakar, respectively, and are therefore mutually contradictory. These two cannot coexist. Therefore, the Kevali does not see at the time when he knows, and he does not know at the time when he sees. It is not possible for knowledge and Darshan to exist simultaneously in parts, i.e., for knowledge to be in some parts of the Jiva and Darshan in other parts.
This principle should be understood with the same logic in the case of the seven Naraka-prithvis, the Vimanas up to the Anuttaravimana, the Ishtaprarabhara-prithvi, the Paramanu, the Dvipradeshi to the Anantapradeshi Skandha.
The meaning of the second question - Does the Kevali, at the time when he sees this Ratnaprabha-prithvi, etc., with the Anakaras (formless forms), etc., only see them and not know them?
The explanation of the answer - Bhagavan accepts this as 'Yes', because receiving an object in the form of Anakar, etc., is the work of Darshan, not of knowledge. The work of knowledge is to receive an object in the form of Sakar, etc.
In clear words, when the Ratnaprabha, etc., are received in the form of Anakar, etc., as general, 1. Prajnapanna. (Prameyabodhini Tika), Bha. 5, pp. 748 to 751 2. Ibid., Bha. 5, pp. 751 to 753.