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The **Prajñāpanā Sūtra** has stated two causes of yoga, however, in the first Uddesaka of the twenty-third chapter, **rāga** and **dveṣa** are stated as the cause of **bhāvakarma-bandha**. The four **kṣayās** are included within these two. Any mental or intellectual tendency is either in the form of **rāga** (attachment) or **dveṣa** (hatred or anger etc.). Therefore, **rāga**-based or **dveṣa**-based tendencies are considered the cause of **bhāvakarma-bandha**. Whether a being is aware or not, due to its **rāga**-**dveṣa**-based desires, **bhāvakarma** remains attached to **dravya-karma** in an unmanifest form. The binding nature of karma (the power to create karma-lepa) is also related to **rāga** and **dveṣa**. According to the **rāga**-**dveṣa**-generated mental tendencies, due to the **kṣayās** like anger, there are physical and verbal actions, which become the cause of acquiring **dravya-karma**. Karma-bandha resulting from actions generated by **kṣayās** is particularly strong, but karma-bandha resulting from actions without **kṣayās** is weak and short-lived. It can be destroyed with a little effort and time. In fact, when a being acts with its mind, speech, and body, it attracts **karma-pudgala** atoms from all sides. The binding of these acquired **pudgala** atoms with the soul in the form of karma is called **dravya-karma**. In fact, the mind and destiny of a being remain in accordance with the karma it has performed. When **pūrvabaddha-karma** arises, it affects the destiny of the soul and according to that, new **karma-bandha** continues to occur. This cycle has been running continuously since time immemorial (like a stream). Even though the soul is pure in terms of knowledge and vision, due to its **kṣayā**-based, modified tendencies or actions, it continues to attract such impressions (**bhāvakarma**) and accordingly, it continues to acquire **karma-pudgala**. In this process of acquisition, the pulsation of mind, speech, and body becomes supportive. According to the intensity and weakness of **kṣayās** or **rāga**-**dveṣa**, a being is bound by those karmas and according to the bound karmas, it continues to receive auspicious and inauspicious fruits in the form of happiness and sorrow, either immediately or later. But when this soul, with its unique power of knowledge etc., becomes completely free from all karmas, then karma does not bind with the soul again and does not give its fruits. According to the theory of karma, it is clear that the soul itself creates such nature and circumstances according to its past karmas, which affects the external material and accordingly, there is transformation, and accordingly, the fruits of karma are automatically obtained. When the time for the ripening of karma arrives, the intensity, weakness, and medium of its fruit is obtained according to the material, field, time, and emotion that are present during its period of arising. There is no other giver of this fruit. If someone else is considered to be the giver of the fruit of karma, then self-created karmas will become meaningless, and the self-effort of the being will also be lost. Then, there will be no enthusiasm for engaging in virtuous actions and abstaining from non-virtuous actions, nor will there be any effort.