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## 98] The **avagahana** (range of perception) of **tiryanch** (non-human beings) is **dhanushprithaktva** (the distance a bow can be stretched) for the best. The **jghanya** (lowest) is **angula** (finger) measure for all. The **jghanya** state is also **antar mahatam** (innermost) for all, and their **utkrista** (highest) state is an **asankhyatava** (innumerable) part of **palyopam** (a measure of time). Their **udvartana** (progression) is from the third hell to the **sahasrar** (thousandth) **devalok** (heavenly realm), including all the living beings in between. This means they can be born in all these living beings after death.
Some manuscripts contain two **sangrahani** (collected) verses that describe **avagahana** and **sthiti** (state). Their meaning is as follows:
The **utkrista avagahana** of **garbhavyutkrantik jalachar** (aquatic beings born from eggs) is a thousand **yojan** (a measure of distance), **chatuष्pad** (quadrupeds) is six **kos** (a measure of distance), **urparisarp** (snakes) is a thousand **yojan**, **bhujparisarp** (lizards) is **gavyuprithaktva** (the distance a cow can be stretched), and **pakshi** (birds) is **dhanushprithaktva**.
The **utkrista sthiti** of **garbhajalachar** is **purvakoti** (a measure of time), **chatuष्pad** is three **palyopam**, **urparisarp** and **bhujparisarp** is **purvakoti**, and **pakshi** is an **asankhyatava** part of **palyopam**.
There are two verses that describe the **sthiti** of beings in hell. Their meaning is as follows:
**Asanji** (insects) can go up to the first hell, **sarisarp** (reptiles) to the second, **pakshi** to the third, **siha** (lion) to the fourth, **urga** (snake) to the fifth, **striya** (women) to the sixth, and **matsya** (fish) and **manushya** (humans) to the seventh.
Thus, the statement about **panchendriya tiryanch** (five-sense non-human beings) is complete. Now, we will discuss humans.
The discussion about humans starts from verse 41.
**41. "What about humans? Humans are of two types, those who are **samucchim** (worldly) and those who are **gambhavak** (spiritual).**
**"Tell me, **bhnte** (venerable one), what do **samucchim** humans do?"**
**"They are **samucchim** (worldly) because they are attached to the world."**
**"Tell me, **bhnte**, how many **sariraga** (bodies) do living beings have?"**
**"They have three **sariraga**, namely:**
**1. **Yojan** thousand **chhagga** (six) **auyayi** (a measure of time) and then **yojan** thousand. **Gavyapuhutta** (the distance a cow can be stretched) for **bhujage** (snakes) and **dhanushpuhuttam** (the distance a bow can be stretched) for **pakshi** (birds).**
**2. **Gambham** (hell) **purvakoti** (a measure of time), three **palyopam** for the highest. **Urbhujage** (snakes and lizards) **purvakoti** and **palyopam** **asankhyatva** (innumerable) part for **yara** (birds).**
**3. **Asanji** (insects) in the first hell, **sarisarp** (reptiles) in the second, **pakshi** (birds) in the third, **siha** (lion) in the fourth, **urga** (snake) in the fifth, **striya** (women) in the sixth, and **matsya** (fish) and **manushya** (humans) in the seventh. This is the highest **avava** (statement) of **boddhando** (the wise) about the hells.**
**-Vritti** (Commentary)