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The text sheds light on the method of *kshamana* by explaining *stuti*. Finally, it also sheds light on the faults, fruits, etc. of *kayotsarga*.
The sixth study deals with *pratyakhyana*. It discusses the excesses of *samyaktva*, the excesses of the twelve vows of a *shravaka*, *pratyakhyana*, six types of purity, the qualities of *pratyakhyana*, *agaras*, etc. with many illustrations.
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Thus, *Aavashyakachurni* by Jinadasagani Mahattara is a great work. The *churni* explains in detail all the topics covered in *Aavashyakaniyukti*. It highlights the lives of many legendary and historical great men, which are of great importance from historical and cultural perspectives.
Commentary Literature
The original *agama*, *niyukti* and *bhashya* literature is written in Prakrit language. The *churni* literature mainly uses Prakrit language and secondarily Sanskrit language. After that came the era of Sanskrit commentary. The era of commentary is the golden age in Jain literature. *Niyukti* explains the etymology and interpretation of the words of the *agamas*. *Bhashya* literature elaborates on the profound meanings of the *agamas*. *Churni* literature attempts to explain the esoteric meanings based on folk tales, while commentary literature analyzes the *agamas* from a philosophical perspective. The commentators not only used the ancient *niyukti*, *bhashya* and *churni* literature in their commentaries, but also strengthened the subject with new arguments. The study and research of commentaries also gives a proper understanding of the social, cultural, political and geographical conditions of that era. The first commentator among the commentators is Jinabhadragani Kshamasraman. He wrote his own commentary on his *Visheshaavashyakbhashya*, but he could not complete it in his lifetime. He could only write commentary up to the sixth *ganadhara*. His style was simple, elegant and full of *prasadguna*. His presented commentary was completed by Kotyacharya after him. This is indicated by Kotyacharya at the end of the sixth *ganadharavad*.
Among the Sanskrit commentators, Acharya Haribhadra's name can be taken with pride. He was a great scholar of Sanskrit language. His time was from Vikram Samvat 757 to 827. He also wrote a commentary on *Aavashyakaniyukti*, but instead of following the verses of *Aavashyakachurni*, he presented the subject independently. Seeing this commentary, the learned have concluded that Acharya Haribhadra wrote two commentaries on *Aavashyakasutra*. The commentary which is not available at present was bigger than the available commentary because Acharya himself has written 'Vyasarthastu Visheshvivaranadavagantavya iti'. Even after searching, this commentary has not been found yet. While presenting the nature of knowledge in the commentary, he has discussed *abhinibodhak* knowledge from six perspectives. He has also discussed the difference between *shruta*, *avadhi*, *manahparyaya* and *kevalgyan* from the perspective of etc.
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The twenty-three gates of *samayik* etc. have been discussed according to *niyukti*. In the exit gate of *samayik*, information has been given about the *kulkaras* and their relationship with their previous births. The topics which are briefly mentioned in *niyukti* and *churni* have been elaborated here. In the context of meditation, all the verses of *Dhyanashataka* have also been discussed. While shedding light on the method of *paristhapana*, the entire text of *paristhapana* related *niyukti* has been quoted. In this commentary, illustrations in Prakrit language have also been given to clarify the subject. This commentary is named *Shishyahita*. Its volume is 22,000 verses. The author has also given a brief introduction of himself at the end.
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