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[447
Twentieth Uddeshak]
If one criticizes, then the atonement of twenty nights is prescribed for him, neither less nor more. After that, if he commits the fault again, then the atonement of two months and twenty nights is prescribed.
Again,
Discussion - In these sutras, the method of giving the atonement of the two months atonement place form fault, with grace and without grace, is stated while bearing any atonement from one month to six months.
If a fault is committed for the first time during the period of bearing atonement, then it is given with grace and a lesser atonement is given. That is called the gracious atonement. Again, if the same fault is committed, then full atonement is given without grace. That is called the ungracious atonement.
The meaning of these sutras is that if atonement is given again before the gracious atonement is imposed during the period of bearing atonement, then it is ungracious.
The gracious twenty days and the ungracious two months atonement, before the gracious atonement is combined with the atonement being borne, are combined and stated in the sutra as two months and twenty days.
Method of calculating the number of days of gracious atonement
By adding two to the number of months of the atonement place and multiplying by five, the number of days of atonement is obtained. For example, by adding two to two months, it becomes four, and multiplying it by five, it becomes twenty. Thus, the gracious days for two months are twenty. Alternatively, one should understand the gracious atonement days as fifteen days for one month, twenty days for two months, twenty-five days for three months, etc.
In Thananga Sutra A. 5, five types of atonement are stated:
1. Prasthapita - Atonement that is added to the days of other atonement while bearing atonement.
2. Sthapita - Atonement that is kept separate from the days of other atonement while being borne.
3. Kritsna - Ungracious atonement that is given for the entire days of the atonement place of the fault committed during the period of bearing.
4. Akritsna - Gracious atonement that is given by reducing the days of the atonement place of the fault committed during the period of bearing.
5. Hadhada - Atonement that is to be borne immediately.
In these sutras, the subject related to four types of atonement is stated together.