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## Nineteenth Uddeshak
[417]
15. **Asvadhyaya** (prohibition of study) occurs around a **shmashan** (cremation ground).
16. **Surya Grahan** (solar eclipse): If it is **apurn** (partial), **asvadhyaya** lasts for 12 **prahar** (3 hours), and if it is **पूर्ण** (full), it lasts for 16 **prahar**. **Asvadhyaya** should be considered to begin from the start of the eclipse. Alternatively, **asvadhyaya** lasts for the entire day and night of the eclipse, and not on the following day.
17. **Chandra Grahan** (lunar eclipse): If it is **apurn** (partial), **asvadhyaya** lasts for 8 **prahar**, and if it is **पूर्ण** (full), it lasts for 12 **prahar**. This should be understood from the beginning of the eclipse. Alternatively, **asvadhyaya** should be considered from the beginning of the lunar eclipse that night until the next day's **chandrodya** (moonrise). After that, **asvadhyaya** does not continue.
18. **Patan** (fall): When a prominent person like a king or minister dies, **asvadhyaya** should be considered in that city until the mourning period ends and a new king is established. **Asvadhyaya** should also be considered for one **aho-ratra** (day and night) in their kingdom.
19. **Raj-vyudgrah** (war): **Asvadhyaya** occurs near the location of the war or in the capital city where the war is taking place. After the war ends, **asvadhyaya** lasts for one **aho-ratra**.
20. **Audarik Kalevar** (corpse): If a human corpse is lying in an **upaashray** (temple), **asvadhyaya** occurs within 100 **haath** (cubits). If it is a **tiryanch** (animal) corpse, **asvadhyaya** lasts for 60 **haath**. However, according to tradition, **asvadhyaya** lasts within the boundaries of the **upaashray** as long as the **audarik kalevar** remains. **Asvadhyaya** lasts for 3 **prahar** for a dead or broken egg.
These are the ten **asvadhyaya** related to **audarik** (corpse). The discussion of all these 20 **asvadhyaya** is mainly based on the **bhashya** (commentary), so refer to **Nishith Bhashya** verses 60786162; **Vyav. U. 7 Bhashya** verses 272-386; **Abhi. Ra. Kosh** part 1 page 827, the word "**asajjhaiy**".
If one studies during these 32 types of **asvadhyaya**, it is a violation of **jina-gyan** (Jain knowledge) and may even lead to **upadrav** (disturbance) by the **dev** (deities). It also does not constitute pure **gyanachar** (practice of knowledge) but rather **atichaar** (excess).
Studying **svadhyay** (self-study) in **dhumika** (introduction) and **mahika** (main part) also contradicts **apkay** (non-violence).
Studying **svadhyay** during the ten **asvadhyaya** related to **audarik** also goes against **lok vyavahar** (social conduct) and does not respect the **sutra** (scripture).
Studying **svadhyay** during war and the death of a king may cause **apreeti** (displeasure) or **dvesh** (hatred) towards the **sadhu** (saint) from the king or royal officials.
The main reason for prohibiting **svadhyay** during **asvadhyaya** is that **Bhag. Sh. 5, U. 4** states that **dev** (deities) speak in **ardhamagadi** language, which is also the language of the **agams** (scripture). Therefore, there is a possibility of **upadrav** (disturbance) by **mithyatvi** (false believers) and **kautuhali** (curious) **dev**.
These locations of **asvadhyaya** also indicate that the practice of **svadhyay** involves repeating the **pragama** (scripture) with clear pronunciation. It is in this context that these **asvadhyaya** are mentioned.