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## [223 Eleventh Uddeshak] Penance for Criticizing Dharma
7. A monk who criticizes Dharma or approves of those who do so (incurs Guruchaumasi penance).
**Explanation:** Dharma is of two types: 1. Shruta Dharma, 2. Charitra Dharma.
1. **Shruta Dharma:** Criticizing or calling "inappropriate" the eleven Angas, Purvajnaana and Aavashyak Sutra, and their meanings, as well as the five types of Swadhyaya, is considered Avrnavaad of Shruta Dharma. For example:
(1) It is inappropriate to repeatedly mention the six Kayas, the Mahavratas, the principles of conduct, and the concepts of Pramada and Apramada in various places.
(2) What is the purpose of astrological descriptions, "Joonipahuud," and descriptions of auspicious times for monks who have renounced worldly life? Therefore, why is there a need for their inclusion in the scriptures?
(3) All the Agamas are in one language, Ardhamagadhi. This is not right. They should be in different languages.
Making Shruta easy in this way is a criticism of Shruta Dharma.
2. **Charitra Dharma:** Criticizing the fundamental principles or secondary principles of the rules of conduct for Shravakas or Sadhus, and calling them "inappropriate," is considered Avrnavaad of Charitra Dharma. For example:
(1) It is pointless to transcribe scriptures in a place devoid of life.
(2) The entire world is filled with living beings. How can one maintain a pure character while performing actions like walking and moving around?
(3) It is inappropriate to impose severe punishment for minor offenses, such as giving a small monthly penance for the accidental contact of a single sense organ with another body.
(4) The mention of Mokshamachan (urination) as an exception is also inappropriate.
(5) If a householder has prepared food that is contaminated with Pradhaakarma dosha, what fault does a Sadhu have in consuming it?
This is a criticism of Charitra Dharma.
Criticizing Shruta Dharma or Charitra Dharma can cause slow-witted practitioners to deviate from their practice upon hearing it. The one who criticizes binds themselves with Karma like Jnaanavarna, becoming difficult to enlighten.
For detailed information on the penance for criticizing fundamental principles or secondary principles, Desh Dharma or Sarva Dharma, and Grihastha Dharma or Sanayama Dharma, refer to the Bhashya.
**Penance for Praising Adharma:**
8. A monk who praises Adharma or approves of those who do so (incurs Guruchaumasi penance).