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[91
Second Objective]
Serving this, the minor monthly atonement arises from the transgression of the prohibition of defecation.
One who, being afflicted by the urge of excretion in the day, night, or twilight, takes his own vessel or requests the vessel of another monk, discards the excretion therein, and defecates in a place where the sun's light (heat) does not reach, or approves of one who does so.
The consumption of these 80 Sutra-based transgressions leads to the minor monthly atonement.
Discussion - "Aṇuggaē sūriē" is directly interpreted as "not defecating before sunrise," but this meaning is not in accordance with the Agamas and is therefore inappropriate. The reasons for this are:
1. The word "diā vā" used in the Sutra becomes meaningless. Because, in comparison to one who has defecated during the day, the sentence "Aṇuggaē sūriē" does not make sense.
2. Leaving excrement overnight causes harm to the microscopic beings and also leads to the inability to study due to impurity.
3. Defecation at night is completely prohibited.
4. The transcription of the excretion-land in the fourth watch of the night also becomes meaningless.
5. This meaning also contradicts many instructions from the Ācāra Sūtra.
Therefore, it is reasonable to understand this atonement Sutra as meaning defecation in a shady place where the sun's light (heat) never reaches, either during the day or night.
The method of discarding excretion into a vessel and then defecating is instructed in Ācārāṅga Śruti 2, A. 10, and in this Sutra. However, the combined meaning of other Agama texts and this ordinance is that if a suitable obstacle, suitable time, and suitable defecation ground are available, one should go to the defecation ground and defecate. But if there is a strong urge to defecate or if there is no suitable time to go some distance, such as during twilight or night, midday in the summer, or if there is no faultless defecation ground nearby, etc., one can go to a secluded place in the shelter and defecate in a vessel, and then defecate in a suitable place.
Sutras 71 to 79 describe the atonement for defecating in an unsuitable place, which includes harming the earth, water, and gods, deceiving, and the possibility of incurring the wrath of the master, public censure, etc. In accordance with this Sutra 80, one should avoid the aforementioned unsuitable places, and also pay attention to whether the sun's rays reach the defecation place or not. If the sun's rays do not reach, it will not dry quickly, leading to the generation of microscopic beings and prolonged harm. For this reason, the Sutra states the atonement for improper defecation.
If there are worms in someone's impurity, one should sit in the shade or defecate after a while (10-20 minutes).