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In other words, this state is called Anuttaraupapatikadsha because it describes the condition or state of such humans. A characteristic of Anuttar Vimānavāsī Devas is that they are parītasansārī. After being expelled from there, they are born in human form once or twice and attain nirvana.
The ancient Āgama and Āgametara texts mention that the Anuttaraupapatikadsha currently available has neither description nor characters. It is inexplicable when this change occurred. Navāngī commentator Ācārya Abhaydeva has called it a vācanāntara. I have discussed this in detail in my book "Jain Āgama Sahitya Manan aur Mīmānsā", so interested readers should refer to it.
The currently available Āgama is divided into three categories, which have ten, thirteen and ten studies respectively. Thus, in thirty-three studies, there is a very brief description of thirty-three great souls. The events and narratives that have come in it are not elaborated, they are only indicative. In the first category, the character of Jālikumāra and in the third category, the character of Dhanyakumāra has come in some detail. The remaining characters only have information. But all the characters who have come in this Āgama are of great historical importance, which shed light on the untouched aspects of history.
The present Āgama describes the life of twenty-three princes, namely Jāli, Mayāli, Upjāli, Puruṣasen, Vārisen, Dīrghadant, Laṣṭadant, Vihall, Vehāyas, Abhayakumāra, Dīrghaṣen, Mahāṣen, Laṣṭadant, Gūḍhadant, Ṣuddhadant, Hall, Dum, Drumṣen, Mahādrumṣen, Simha, Simhaṣen, Mahāsimhaṣen, Puṇyaṣen, of Emperor Śreṇik.
Emperor Śreṇik was the ruler of the Magadha empire. There are sufficient discussions about Śreṇik in all three traditions, Jain, Buddhist and Vedic. According to the Bhāgavata Mahāpurāṇa, he was born in the Śiśunāgavanshi clan. The great poet Aśvaghoṣa has written his clan as Haryang. Ācārya Haribhadra has considered his clan to be Yāhik. Rāyachoudhury believes that the Haryang clan mentioned in Buddhist literature is indicative of the Nāgavanshi. Kovilll has interpreted Haryang as Simha. But its meaning is also Nāga. Professor Bhāṇḍārkar has also included Bimbisāra in the Nāga Dashak and considered the lineage of all those kings to be Nāgavanshi. In Buddhist literature, this clan is called Śiśunāgavanshi. The Vāhik clan mentioned in Jain texts is also Nāgavanshi. The Vāhikjanapad was the main center of the Nāga tribe. Its area of operation was mainly Takṣaśilā, which was in the Vāhikjanapad. Therefore, it is not incongruous to consider Śreṇik as Śiśunāgavanshi.
7. (a) Nandī Sūtra 89
(b) Ṣṭhānāṅga 10/114 (c) Samvāyāṅga Prakīrṇaka Samvāya 97 (a) Tattvārtharājavārtika 1/20, p. 73 (b) Kaṣāyapāhuḍ Part 1, p. 130 (c) Aṅgapāṇṇattī 55 (d) Ṣaṭkhaṇḍāgama 1/1/2 Tadevam ihāpi vācanāntarāpekṣayā'dhyayanavibhāgaḥ ukto, na punarupalabhyamānāvācanāpekṣayeti. Bhāgavata Purāṇa, Dvi. Kh. p. 903
Jātasya hayangakule viṣāle-Buddhacaritra, Sarga 11, Śloka 2 12. Āvashyak Haribhadrīyā Vṛtti Patra 677 13. Studies in India Antiquities, p. 216 14. Mahāvaṃsa Gāthā 27-32
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- -Ṣṭhānāṅgavṛtti Patra 483