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Eighth Study Summary: In Brief
_ Rajagriha was a renowned city in North India during the time of Lord Mahavira. King Shrenik, who is known as Bimbisara in Buddhist literature, was the ruler of this city, and he is frequently mentioned in Jain literature. Maha Shataka, a wealthy merchant, resided in Rajagriha. He held a very high position in the city in terms of wealth, possessions, splendor, influence, and honor. His treasury contained eight crore bronze vessels filled with gold coins, an equal amount was invested in trade, and an equal amount was used for the splendor and furnishings of his home. In the previous seven studies, the wealth of the Shraman Upasakas was expressed in terms of the number of coins, while Maha Shataka's wealth is described in terms of the number of bronze vessels filled with gold coins. Bronze was a measuring vessel. Those who possessed vast wealth, so much that even counting the coins was considered a labor, counted the vessels filled with coins instead of the coins themselves. Maha Shataka was the owner of such vast and immense wealth. He had eight Gokuls, each containing ten thousand cows.
The practice of polygamy was prevalent among the wealthy and influential people in the country. It is possible that, along with worldly pleasures, it also involved a sense of displaying one's grandeur. Maha Shataka had thirteen wives, among whom Revati was the most prominent. Maha Shataka's wives were also from wealthy families. Revati received eight crore gold coins and eight Gokuls, each containing ten thousand cows, as her personal property from her parents. The remaining twelve wives received one crore gold coins and one Gokul, each containing ten thousand cows, as their personal property from their respective parents. It seems that in those days, wealthy people gave their daughters such property, which, according to the social customs of the time, remained under their daughters' control. It is possible that this property and Gokuls remained in the daughters' parental homes, where they continued to grow. This also gave the daughters of wealthy families influence and authority in their in-laws' homes. They were also financially independent.
_ By chance, Shraman Lord Mahavira arrived in Rajagriha, and a gathering assembled to see him and listen to his teachings. Maha Shataka was so prosperous and happy in worldly terms, but he was not lost in his wealth and luxury. Like others, he also reached Lord Mahavira's presence. He listened to the teachings. His soul was inspired. Like others, he also accepted the Shravaka vows. He limited his possessions to eight crore bronze vessels filled with gold coins in his treasury. He resolved to limit his cattle wealth to eight Gokuls. He practiced celibacy.