Jain Darshan aur Adhunik Vigyan

SR No.: 002599
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Nagrajmuni
Publisher: Atmaram and Sons
Publication Year: 1959
Total Pages: 154
Language: Hindi
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, & Science
File Size: 7 MB

Page 128

सापेक्षवाद के अनुसार भू-भ्रमण केवल सुविधावाद . ११९ घूमती है, यह सत्य के अधिक समीप है बनिस्पत सूर्य एक स्थिर पृथ्वी के चारों ओर घूमता है। कोपरनिकस को भी कुछ एक उपचक्र (Epicycles) मानने पड़े । दृश्य तथ्यों के साथ अपने सिद्धान्तों का संतुलन रखने के लिये यह इसका अनिवार्य परिणाम था कि ग्रहों की कक्षायें गोल थीं। कोपरनिकस ने या और किसी ने अरिस्टोटल के वर्तुलाकार कक्षा सम्बन्धी सिद्धान्त का खण्डन करने का साहस नहीं किया। केपलर ने कोपरनिकस के वर्तुल सिद्धान्त के स्थान पर अण्डाकार कक्षा को सिद्धान्त माना । तब से उपचक्र (Epicycles) का सिद्वान्त अनावश्यक हो गया और ग्रहों की गति का सिद्धान्त अत्यन्त सरल हो गया। यह सिद्धान्त तीन शताब्दियों तक चलता रहा । उससे भी अधिक सरलता आईस्टीन के सापेक्षवाद सिद्धान्त ने दी।"
1. The history of science provides many instances of situations such as we have been discussing. To begin with the most obvious Ptolemy and his Arabian successors built up the famous system of cycles and epicycles which enabled them to predict the future positions of the planets.
Many, indeed felt that it was too complex to correspond to the ultimate facts. In the thirteenth century, Alphonso X of Castille is reported to have said that if the heave were really like that, I could have given the Deity good advice, had He consulted me at their creation. At a later date Copernicus also thought the Ptolemaic system too complex to be true and, after years of thought and labour, showed tha the planetary motions could be described much more simply if the background of the motions were changed. Ptolemy has assumed a fixed earth; Copernicus substituted a fixed Sun. We now know that the sun can no more be said to be at rest, in any absolute sense, than the earth; it is one of the thousands of millions of stars which together form the galactic system. and it moves round the centre of this system just as the earth moves round the centre of the solar system. 'And even this centre of the galactic system cannot be said to be at rest. For millions of galactic systems can be seen in the sky, all pretty. much like our own, and all in motion relative to our own galaxy and to one another. No one of all these galaxies has a better claim than any other to constitute a standard ‘rest' from which the 'motions' on the others can be measured. Nevertheless, many complications are avoided by imagining that the sun and not the earth is at rest. Neither the sun nor the earth is at rest in any absolute sense and yet it is, in a sense, nearer to the truth to say that the earth moves round a fixed sun than to say that the sun moves round a fixed earth.
Copernicus had still to retain a few minor epicycles to