Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## Explanation of Namostuthunam
**Verse 123 of the Third Light of Yoga Shastra:**
It is impossible to be without delusion. Therefore, these alternatives are born of delusion. Even if there is delusion, there is liberation, or even if there is liberation, there is delusion. To praise such deluded knowers is pure, ignorant, false talk. In this way, by proving the Lord, who is the holder of uninterrupted supreme knowledge and vision, and who is free from karma and the world, to be worthy of praise, the seventh wealth, called the wealth of embodied form, has been explained as consisting of two parts.
Now, the statement "Bhrāntimātramasadvidyā," meaning "the world is only delusion, therefore it is unreal and ignorance," considers even the Jina, who considers all things to be only delusion, as unreal and imaginary in the ultimate sense. Refuting this, it is said, "Jināṇam jāvayāṇam," meaning "Salutations to the Jina, who conquers and makes others conquer the enemies like attachment, aversion, etc." Since attachment, aversion, etc., are experienced by all beings, they are not delusion, unreal, or imaginary. If someone says that the experience of attachment, etc., is delusion, then the experience of happiness, sorrow, etc., of the soul would also be delusion, and the fundamental principle would be destroyed. Therefore, attachment, aversion, etc., are real, and the Jina, who conquers them, is also real, not imaginary. "Jāvayāṇam," meaning "Salutations to the Lord who conquers attachment, etc." The Jina, through his good teachings, etc., also helps other souls to conquer the enemies like attachment, aversion, etc.
Those who consider time to be the cause of every action, and who are the followers of the infinite, do not consider the Lord to be truly liberated from the ocean of the world. They say, "Kāla eva kṛtsnam jagadāvartayati," meaning "Time alone causes the whole world to change in all ways." Refuting this, it is said, "Tināṇam tārayāṇam," meaning "Salutations to the Lord who liberates himself from the world and liberates others from the ocean of the world." The Lord has crossed the ocean of the world by the boat of right faith, knowledge, and conduct. Therefore, he is himself liberated. Because of this, it is not possible for him to return to the world after liberation. If he returns to the world, liberation would be invalid. Therefore, the liberated soul never becomes worldly again. Just as he liberates himself from the world, he also liberates others. In this way, the Lord is also a liberator.
Those who consider knowledge to be indirect, not direct, do not consider the Tirthankara to be enlightened or a giver of enlightenment. They say, "Apratyakshā hi no buddhiḥ pratyakṣo'rthaḥ," meaning "We see the object directly, but we do not see the intellect directly." Therefore, the intellect is indirect to the soul. If it were direct, it should be seen like an object. Refuting this, it is said, "Buddhāṇam bohayāṇam," meaning "Salutations to the Lord who is himself enlightened and who makes others enlightened." In this world, which is asleep in the sleep of ignorance, the knowledge of the soul, non-soul, etc., that the Tirthankara has, is self-realized without the teachings of others. Therefore, he is "Buddha." Knowledge that does not know itself cannot know the object. Just as a lamp cannot illuminate itself and another object, knowledge also illuminates itself and others, i.e., the self and the other. Just as the senses do not see, but still make the object known, knowledge can also make the object known even if it is indirect. Because the senses, which make the object known, are in the form of feelings, and feelings are in the form of sense knowledge, they are direct to the soul. It is said, "Apratyakshōpalabdhasya nārthadṛṣṭiḥ prasiddhayati," meaning "Knowledge that is not directly perceived does not make the object known." In this way, the Buddhahood of the Lord is also proved, as well as the ability to enlighten others. Therefore, the Lord is also an enlightener.
Those who believe that liberation is to become absorbed in the creator Brahma, and who are the followers of Santapana, do not consider the Tirthankara to be truly liberated. They say, "Brahmavad brahma-sangatanam sthitiḥ," meaning "The state of those who merge with Brahma is like the state of Brahma." Refuting their opinion, it is said, "Muttāṇam moyagāṇam," meaning "Salutations to the Lord who is himself liberated from the bondage of karma and who liberates others." The fruit of karma is the wandering in the four states of existence, which is the world.