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## The Fruits of Violence
**Yoga Shastra, Second Light, Verse 19**
If we calculate all these alternatives (bhang) with three karans and three yogas, then there are a total of 49 types. They are as follows:
**1. With respect to not doing violence (krit), there are 7 alternatives:**
1. By mind, speech, and body.
2. By mind and speech.
3. By mind and body.
4. By speech and body.
5. By mind only.
6. By speech only.
7. By body only.
**2. Similarly, with respect to not causing violence (karit), there are 7 alternatives.**
**3. And with respect to approval, there are also seven alternatives.**
**4. Do not commit violence, do not cause violence, by mind, by speech, by body, by mind and speech, by mind and body, by speech and body, by mind, speech, and body. These are the seven bhangs caused by karan and karana.**
**5. Similarly, there are seven bhangs from the approval of karan.**
**6. Seven bhangs from the approval of karana (karit).**
**7. And seven bhangs from doing, causing, and approving.**
**All these together make 49 alternative bhangs. And since these are trikala-vishayak, there are a total of 147 bhangs of pratyakhyan.**
The scriptures say: "He who has mastered the 147 alternatives (bhang) of pratyakhyan (pacchakkhan) is considered skilled in pratyakhyan. One who has mastered fewer bhangs is considered unskilled in pratyakhyan in all bhangs."
**Trikala-vishayak is as follows:**
* Condemning the sins committed in the past.
* Correcting (stopping) the sins of the present.
* Rejecting the sins of the future.
It is also said: "The Shraman Upasak regrets the sins of the past, restrains the sins of the present, and rejects the sins of the future."
**These bhangs (alternatives) are said with respect to the ahimsa anuvrata. Similarly, understand the net of alternatives (bhang) for other anuvratas.**
**Verse 18**
In this way, having explained the general form of restraint related to violence, etc., now, with the desire to explain the nature of each of violence, etc., first, it is explained what consequences one has to experience from violence.
**Verse 19**
**75. Seeing the fruit of violence, such as lameness, leprosy, and deformity, the wise man should abandon the intentional violence of innocent, trembling beings.**
**Meaning:** The fruit of violence is lameness, leprosy, deformity of limbs, etc. Seeing this, the wise man should abandon the intentional violence of innocent, trembling beings.
**Explanation:** Until a being sees the fruit of sin with his own eyes, he does not usually abandon it. Therefore, here, the fruit of sin is explained, and advice is given to refrain from violence. One who is unable to walk even though he has legs is called lame, one who has leprosy is called a leper, one who is without limbs is called crippled. The word "adi" means that the lower part of the body is damaged or other limbs are affected by various diseases, or there is a deformity in the upper part of the body. All these should be understood as the fruit of violence. Seeing this, the wise man, knowing for sure from the scriptures that this poor creature is experiencing the fruit of violence, therefore, I now abandon violence. Whose abandonment and what kind of abandonment? In response to this, it is explained that one should make a rule not to intentionally [without any reason] commit violence against innocent, two-sense, etc., beings. Such a rule is not explained for criminal beings. By saying "abandonment of violence against trembling beings," it is indicated here that a householder is unable to abandon violence against one-sense beings, and "sankalpata" is said because he should abandon violence with intention. The violence that happens unintentionally due to the initial tendency of farming, etc., is not forbidden for a Shravak. This means that one should abandon intentional violence against trembling beings. One should abandon violence against one-sense stationary beings as much as possible, and where abandonment is impossible, one should always strive. In this regard, some verses are presented. Their meaning is as follows:
Those who consider the soul and body to be completely separate, according to their opinion, even if the body is destroyed, the soul is not destroyed, and the violence caused by it does not apply. Similarly, if the soul and body are considered to be completely inseparable, then when the body is destroyed, the soul is also destroyed. Therefore, in their view, there is no existence of the afterlife. Therefore, from the perspective of anekanta-drishti, the soul is considered both different from and inseparable from the body. From this perspective, if the body is harmed or destroyed,