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**Pinḍaniyukti:** A karma-vivah (ceremony) where the leftover modaka (sweetmeat) is ground into powder and given to the bhikṣācara (mendicants) is called karma. The difference between ādhākarma and karma auddeshika is that ādhākarma is made for the sadhu (saint) from the beginning, while karma auddeshika is when a householder adds something to or refines their own food.
There are four sub-categories of each of these three: 1. Uddesa 2. Samuddesa 3. Ādesa 4. Samādesa. Uddesa - food made for all bhikṣācara, anyadarśanī (those who see others) and śramaṇa (ascetics). Samuddesa - food made for all pākhaṇḍī (hypocritical) anyadarśanī sadhus. Ādesa - food made for śramaṇa. Samādesa - food made for nirgrantha (those who have renounced everything).
When uddishta, kṛta and karma are multiplied by the above four categories, there are 12 categories. The niyuktikāra (author) has also made sub-categories of these 12 categories. Uddishta auddeshika etc. are of two types, each chhinna (regular) and achhinna (irregular). Chhinna means regular and achhinna means irregular. Then there are four categories of each, based on dravya (substance), kṣetra (field), kāla (time) and bhāva (feeling). Thus, there are eight categories of each. Multiplying 12 categories by 8 gives 96 categories of auddeshika dosha.
According to the Sūtrakṛtāṅga, there is a possibility of jīvavada (killing of living beings) by accepting auddeshika bhikṣā (alms), therefore it is considered aneshanīya (not to be accepted). 3. Pūtikarma Dosha
Pūti means foul-smelling or impure. There are two categories of this: dravya pūti and bhāva pūti. The combination of a fragrant or pure substance with an impure substance is dravya pūti. Here, the author has alluded to the story of the Chagaṇadharmic. The mixture of even a small amount of the elements of the divisions of ādhākarma etc. udgama dosha in pure food is bhāva pūti. Bhāva pūti also makes the muni's niratichara (non-transgressive) character impure. Just as one
1. Mavṛ p.77; Yat punarvivahaprakaraṇādāvuddhṛitam modaka- 5. Sū1/9/14.
cūṇyādi tadbhūyo'pi bhikṣācaraṇāṁ dānāya guḍapākadaṇā- 6. Pini 107, 108.
dinā modakādikṛtam tatkarmityabhidhīyate.
7. For the expansion of the story, see Pari. 3, Katha Saṅ. 17. 2. Mavṛ p.82; Yat prathamateva sādhvarthē niṣpāditaṁ tadādhākarma, 8. M p 83; Here, ādhākarma, auddeshika etc. in udgama dosha are taken as the category of avishodhi (unpurified).
9. (a) Pini 109. 3. Pini 98, Mūla 426.
(b) Paṁv 745; 4. For the expansion of these categories, see Pini 99/1-101/2,
Kammavayavasameyaṁ, Sambhāvijjai Jayam Tu Taṁ Pūī. Mavṛ p.80,81
Desikam.