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**Pinḍaniryukti: An Observation**
27
If, upon hearing that a monk has gone, other members of the family laugh amongst themselves, the monk should understand that the alms are not genuine.
In short, it can be said that the entire text presents a comprehensive discussion of the monk's begging practice. Previously, scattered references to faults related to alms are found in the Bhagavati, Acharachula, and other Agamas, but in terms of such a systematic and organized description, Pinḍaniryukti can be called the most ancient text. 1
**Language Style**
Niryukti is a verse-based commentary written in the Prakrit language, reflecting the influence of both Ardhamagadhi and Maharashtri languages. The subject matter of Niryukti is presented using the method of "nikshepa" (deposition). The Niryuktikara has presented a detailed explanation using the method of deposition of selected and technical terms, such as pinḍa, udgama, utpadana, eshana, etc. Through this, he has presented a comprehensive knowledge of the subject. Pinḍa
In the context of nikshepa, the Niryuktikara clearly states that here the context is of the "achitta dravyapinda" (non-mental material object) and the "prashasta bhavpinda" (excellent mental object), but to make the disciple's mind understand, a detailed discussion of pinḍas like name, etc., has been done. 2
Writing synonyms for important words is a linguistic characteristic of the Niryuktikara. The use of synonyms has also been presented in the text, such as pinḍa, adhakarma, etc., see Pari. San. 6. In some places, the author has also explained the tradition of the difference in meaning of synonymous words through examples, which is very important from the point of view of linguistics. In gatha 52/1, eshana, gaveshana, margana, and udgopana - although synonymous, the difference in meaning of all four words should be known, see the translation of 52/1.
Like other niryuktis, Pinḍaniryukti also uses many native words, see Pari. San. 8. The linguistic importance of the present text is the use of poignant and impactful sayings. Although primarily focused on conduct, this text uses some important sayings, see Pari. San. 9.
The use of similes, worldly examples, illustrations, and logic creates diversity, penetration, and elegance in the language. The Niryuktikara has explained complex theoretical topics through new similes and examples, see Pari. San. 10 and 12.
1. Pini 89/8, Mavri P. 73, 74.
2. Pini 47; Davve Acchitteṇam, Bhave Ya Pasatthaehiṁ Pagatam.
Uccaritattthasarisā, Sīsamativikōvaṇattḥāe ||