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## 200
## Pindaniyukti
306. It is a transgression for a muni to mix other substances in their food for the purpose of increasing the taste of the substance. 307. A muni who combines substances due to their attachment to taste, also combines karma with their soul. This leads to a long-lasting cycle of births and deaths, causing suffering. 308. Once, a sadhu sanghatak received a large amount of ghee and other substances. Even after the munis ate their fill, some remained. It is permissible to combine the remaining substances for consumption. The rules for combining are as follows: 309. Combining for the purpose of enhancing a particular taste is prohibited. Combining for the purpose of overcoming illness is permissible. It is also permissible for those who find food unappetizing, or those who have been princes or have been deprived of proper education. 310. For a man, 32 kavals of food is considered sufficient for the stomach, while for women, 28 kavals are considered sufficient. 311. The Tirthankaras have called consuming a little less than this amount, such as one kaval, half a kaval, half the food, or even less than half the food, as "yatramaatra aahar" (just enough food) or "nyuna aahar" (less food). 312. A muni who consumes prakaam, nikaam, and pranit bhaktapaan, eats excessively or too frequently, is guilty of pramaanadosh (error in measure). 312/1. Food exceeding 32 kavals is called prakaam aahar. If the food exceeding the measure is:
1. Leftover ghee cannot be eaten with only roti without sugar or jaggery, as everyone will be satisfied after eating. It is also not appropriate to store it, as storing it can lead to the infestation of insects. Therefore, it is an exception to the rule of combining, and it is permissible to mix sugar or jaggery with the leftover ghee (Mavri P 173).
2. According to the commentator Malayagiri, 32 kavals is the medium measure for food. The medium measure for women is 28 kavals, and for eunuchs, it is 24 kavals. However, eunuchs are ineligible for initiation, so they are not mentioned here. One kaval is considered to be the size of a chicken egg. There are two types of kukkuti: dravya kukkuti and bhav kukkuti. There are two types of dravya kukkuti: udar kukkuti and gal kukkuti. The amount of food that keeps the sadhu's stomach neither hungry nor overly full is udar kukkuti. The kaval that can fit inside the throat without distorting the mouth is gal kukkuti. The commentator explains from another perspective that the body itself is kukkuti and the mouth is the egg. The kaval that does not distort the eyes, eyebrows, etc., is the measure. Alternatively, the meaning of kukkuti is a bird, and the kaval is the size of its egg. The meaning of bhav kukkuti is the amount of food that maintains patience and increases knowledge, vision, and character (Mavri P. 173). In the commentary on Mulaachar, one kaval is considered to be the size of one thousand grains of rice (Mula 350 T P. 286).