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## Translation:
**Translation**
The Tirthankaras have said that food which is eaten daily is *nikam* (useless) and food from which ghee etc. drips is *pranit aahar* (prescribed food).
312/2. Food eaten in *atibahuk* (excessive quantity), *atibahush* (excessive frequency) and *atipraman* (excessive measure) can cause diarrhea, vomiting and can even kill a person if the food is not digested.
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312/3. Eating more than the prescribed quantity is *atibahuk* and eating more than three times a day is called *atibahush*. Eating more than the prescribed quantity more than three times a day or eating till one is not satisfied is called *atipraman aahar*.
313. The monks who eat *hitkari* (beneficial), *parimit* (limited) and *alpa-aahar* (less food) are not treated by physicians. They are their own physicians (i.e. they do not get sick).
313/1. The combination of oil and curd, milk, curd and *kanji* (fermented rice water) is *viruddha* (contradictory) and harmful. The combination of non-contradictory substances is *pathya* (beneficial), it removes disease and does not cause future disease.
313/2. Divide the stomach into six parts, keep half the stomach, i.e. three parts for food including dishes, two parts for water and the sixth part empty for the passage of air.
313/3, 4. One should know the three types of time - cold, hot and ordinary. The food intake for ordinary time is as follows: in extreme cold, one part water and four parts food, in moderate cold, two parts water and three parts food, in hot time, two parts water and three parts food, in extreme hot time, three parts water and two parts food - this is the measure. Everywhere, the sixth part is for the passage of air.
313/5. One part water and two parts food are fixed, they do not increase or decrease. In each, the remaining two parts increase or decrease, for example, in extreme cold, two parts of food increase and in extreme hot time, two parts of water increase. In extreme hot time, two parts of food decrease and in extreme cold, two parts of water decrease.
313/6. The third and fourth parts related to food are not fixed. The fifth part related to water,
1. Beneficial food is of two types - *dravyaatah* (in terms of substance) and *bhaavatah* (in terms of feeling). Eating non-contradictory food is beneficial in terms of substance and eating *eshniya* (digestible) food is beneficial in terms of feeling (Mavri P. 174).
2. *Pramanopet aahar* is moderate food.
3. Eating less than 32 *kavals* (a unit of measurement for food) is *alpa-aahar* (less food).
4. Vegetables, sour fruits, *khali* (bran), *kaith* fruit, *karir* (a type of tree), curd and fish - these things should not be eaten with milk (Mavri P. 174).
5. According to *Mulaachar* 491, the stomach should be divided into four parts, half the part for food, i.e. two parts for food, the third part for water and the fourth part should be kept empty for the passage of air. The same is mentioned in the *Khilasthan* of the *Kashyap Samhita* of Ayurveda.