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## Translation:
**41.** Three sky regions, mutually connected, are called a *kṣetra-piṇḍa*. Similarly, there are three time periods, mutually connected, which are called *kāla-piṇḍa*. In terms of space-pervasion and time-based location, the fourth and fifth *piṇḍa*, namely *kṣetra-piṇḍa* and *kāla-piṇḍa*, should be designated. Alternatively, for the sake of convenience, *kṣetra* and *kāla-piṇḍa* should be conceptualized based on "where" and "when" (e.g., this is a *vasati-rūpa kṣetra-piṇḍa*, this is a *pौरुषी-rūpa kāla-piṇḍa*).
**41/1.** If the *piṇḍa* of concrete substances is designated based on mutual connection and numerical abundance, then the *piṇḍa* of abstract substances is also designated based on mutual connection and numerical abundance.
**41/2.** Why wouldn't the three-region *skandha*, which are evenly distributed in three regions and connected by continuous relationship, be referred to by the term *piṇḍa*? (Because the basis of the three *paramāṇu-skandha* is the collection of three regions.)
**42.** Alternatively, due to the presence of combination and division, the term *piṇḍa* is appropriate for all four: name, establishment, substance, and emotion. However, (the *kṣetra* and *kāla* are formal *piṇḍa*) the *kṣetra* and *kāla* in which the *piṇḍa* is mentioned are called *kṣetra-piṇḍa* and *kāla-piṇḍa*.
**43.** There are two types of *bhāva-piṇḍa*: *praśasta bhāva-piṇḍa* and *apraśasta bhāva-piṇḍa*. I will describe both separately.
**44.** *Praśasta bhāva-piṇḍa* is of three types: knowledge, perception, and character. Conversely, *apraśasta bhāva-piṇḍa*, which binds the living being to karmas, is of two, four, and seven types.