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## Pinḍaniyukti: An Observation
**153.**
* Being caught by crocodiles, tortoises, etc.
* Getting stuck in mud, etc.
_Due to dusty, unpaved roads, there was fear of thorns, snakes, thieves, and wild animals even on land routes. If a monk got separated from the caravan, a bull's horn was blown to find him. The community of monks also traveled from one place to another with the caravan. Sometimes, thieves would be with the caravan, who would forcibly take food from the caravan members and give it to the monks._
**Offenses and Punishments**
The nature of offenses and punishments has changed in every era. The punishment system, which began with the policies of "Hākar," "Mākar," and "Dhikkār," reached the point of capital punishment. In the society of the time of the Pinḍaniyukti, capital punishment was given for violating the king's orders. Those who went to the "Sūryodaya Udyān" (Sunrise Garden) were punished with death for violating the order, while those who went to the "Chandrodaya Udyān" (Moonlight Garden) and saw the inner palace were not punished because they did not violate the king's order.
The one who supports, cooperates, praises, and approves of the sinner is more guilty than the sinner himself. The king would punish those who praised the criminal with capital punishment because it encouraged and supported the crime. The king would also punish those who lived with thieves, etc. The king of Śrīnilaya Nagar, Guṇacandra, gave a humiliating death penalty to the person who had relations with the queens of the inner palace and, through spies, found out who was praising him in the city. The king also severely punished those who praised him.
... Here, a picture of the contemporary cultural situation related to some topics has been presented briefly. More important material on this subject is scattered in this text and its commentary literature, which is a subject of independent research by scholars.
**Process of Text Editing**
The task of text editing in research work is very complex, tedious, and laborious, but important. The meaning of text determination is not just to find one text among the different texts of ancient manuscripts.
1. Pinḍaniyukti 154.
4. Pinḍaniyukti 91/1-4, Mahavṛtta p. 76. 2. Mahavṛtta p. 20, 21, Śṛṅgasyā Mahīṣyādisatkasyā, tad dhi mārge 5. Mahavṛtta p. 48, 49.
Gacchātparibhraṣṭānām sādhūnām mīlanāya vādyate. 6. Pinḍaniyukti 69/3, Mahavṛtta p. 49. 3. Pinḍaniyukti 177/1, 2, Mahavṛtta p. 112, 113.